/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.catalina.startup;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.JarURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

import javax.naming.Binding;
import javax.naming.NameNotFoundException;
import javax.naming.NamingEnumeration;
import javax.naming.NamingException;
import javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.annotation.HandlesTypes;

import org.apache.catalina.Authenticator;
import org.apache.catalina.Container;
import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import org.apache.catalina.Engine;
import org.apache.catalina.Globals;
import org.apache.catalina.Host;
import org.apache.catalina.Lifecycle;
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleEvent;
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener;
import org.apache.catalina.Pipeline;
import org.apache.catalina.Server;
import org.apache.catalina.Service;
import org.apache.catalina.Valve;
import org.apache.catalina.Wrapper;
import org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost;
import org.apache.catalina.deploy.ErrorPage;
import org.apache.catalina.deploy.FilterDef;
import org.apache.catalina.deploy.FilterMap;
import org.apache.catalina.deploy.LoginConfig;
import org.apache.catalina.deploy.SecurityConstraint;
import org.apache.catalina.deploy.ServletDef;
import org.apache.catalina.deploy.WebXml;
import org.apache.catalina.util.ContextName;
import org.apache.catalina.util.Introspection;
import org.apache.juli.logging.Log;
import org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.naming.resources.DirContextURLConnection;
import org.apache.naming.resources.FileDirContext;
import org.apache.naming.resources.ResourceAttributes;
import org.apache.tomcat.JarScanner;
import org.apache.tomcat.JarScannerCallback;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.ExceptionUtils;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.AnnotationElementValue;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.AnnotationEntry;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ArrayElementValue;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ClassFormatException;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ClassParser;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ElementValue;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ElementValuePair;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.JavaClass;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.DigesterFactory;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.XmlErrorHandler;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.Digester;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.RuleSet;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.res.StringManager;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.scan.Jar;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.scan.JarFactory;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;

/**
 * Startup event listener for a <b>Context</b> that configures the properties
 * of that Context, and the associated defined servlets.
 *
 * @author Craig R. McClanahan
 * @author Jean-Francois Arcand
 */
public class ContextConfig implements LifecycleListener {

    private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog( ContextConfig.class );


    /**
     * The string resources for this package.
     */
    protected static final StringManager sm =
        StringManager.getManager(Constants.Package);


    protected static final LoginConfig DUMMY_LOGIN_CONFIG =
        new LoginConfig("NONE", null, null, null);



    /**
     * The set of Authenticators that we know how to configure.  The key is
     * the name of the implemented authentication method, and the value is
     * the fully qualified Java class name of the corresponding Valve.
     */
    protected static final Properties authenticators;

    /**
     * The list of JARs that will be skipped when scanning a web application
     * for JARs. This means the JAR will not be scanned for web fragments, SCIs,
     * annotations or classes that match @HandlesTypes.
     */
    private static final Set<String> pluggabilityJarsToSkip =
            new HashSet<String>();

    static {
        // Load our mapping properties for the standard authenticators
        InputStream is =
                ContextConfig.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(
                    "org/apache/catalina/startup/Authenticators.properties");
        Properties props = null;
        props = new Properties();
        if (is != null) {
            try {
                props.load(is);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                props = null;
            }
        }
        authenticators = props;

        // Load the list of JARS to skip
        addJarsToSkip(Constants.DEFAULT_JARS_TO_SKIP);
        addJarsToSkip(Constants.PLUGGABILITY_JARS_TO_SKIP);
    }

    private static void addJarsToSkip(String systemPropertyName) {
        String jarList = System.getProperty(systemPropertyName);
        if (jarList != null) {
            StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(jarList, ",");
            while (tokenizer.hasMoreElements()) {
                String token = tokenizer.nextToken().trim();
                if (token.length() > 0) {
                    pluggabilityJarsToSkip.add(token);
                }
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * Deployment count.
     */
    protected static long deploymentCount = 0L;


    /**
     * Cache of default web.xml fragments per Host
     */
    protected static final Map<Host,DefaultWebXmlCacheEntry> hostWebXmlCache =
        new ConcurrentHashMap<Host,DefaultWebXmlCacheEntry>();


    // ----------------------------------------------------- Instance Variables
    /**
     * Custom mappings of login methods to authenticators
     */
    protected Map<String,Authenticator> customAuthenticators;


    /**
     * The Context we are associated with.
     */
    protected Context context = null;


    /**
     * The default web application's context file location.
     * @deprecated Unnecessary
     */
    @Deprecated
    protected String defaultContextXml = null;


    /**
     * The default web application's deployment descriptor location.
     */
    protected String defaultWebXml = null;


    /**
     * Track any fatal errors during startup configuration processing.
     */
    protected boolean ok = false;


    /**
     * Original docBase.
     */
    protected String originalDocBase = null;


    /**
     * Anti-locking docBase. It is a path to a copy of the web application
     * in the java.io.tmpdir directory. This path is always an absolute one.
     */
    private File antiLockingDocBase = null;


    /**
     * Map of ServletContainerInitializer to classes they expressed interest in.
     */
    protected final Map<ServletContainerInitializer, Set<Class<?>>> initializerClassMap =
            new LinkedHashMap<ServletContainerInitializer, Set<Class<?>>>();

    /**
     * Map of Types to ServletContainerInitializer that are interested in those
     * types.
     */
    protected final Map<Class<?>, Set<ServletContainerInitializer>> typeInitializerMap =
            new HashMap<Class<?>, Set<ServletContainerInitializer>>();

    /**
     * Cache of JavaClass objects (byte code) by fully qualified class name.
     * Only populated if it is necessary to scan the super types and interfaces
     * as part of the processing for {@link HandlesTypes}.
     */
    protected final Map<String,JavaClassCacheEntry> javaClassCache =
            new HashMap<String,JavaClassCacheEntry>();

    /**
     * Flag that indicates if at least one {@link HandlesTypes} entry is present
     * that represents an annotation.
     */
    protected boolean handlesTypesAnnotations = false;

    /**
     * Flag that indicates if at least one {@link HandlesTypes} entry is present
     * that represents a non-annotation.
     */
    protected boolean handlesTypesNonAnnotations = false;

    /**
     * The <code>Digester</code> we will use to process web application
     * deployment descriptor files.
     */
    protected Digester webDigester = null;
    protected WebRuleSet webRuleSet = null;

    /**
     * The <code>Digester</code> we will use to process web fragment
     * deployment descriptor files.
     */
    protected Digester webFragmentDigester = null;
    protected WebRuleSet webFragmentRuleSet = null;


    // ------------------------------------------------------------- Properties
    /**
     * Return the location of the default deployment descriptor
     */
    public String getDefaultWebXml() {
        if( defaultWebXml == null ) {
            defaultWebXml=Constants.DefaultWebXml;
        }

        return (this.defaultWebXml);

    }


    /**
     * Set the location of the default deployment descriptor
     *
     * @param path Absolute/relative path to the default web.xml
     */
    public void setDefaultWebXml(String path) {

        this.defaultWebXml = path;

    }


    /**
     * Return the location of the default context file
     * @deprecated Never changed from default
     */
    @Deprecated
    public String getDefaultContextXml() {
        if( defaultContextXml == null ) {
            defaultContextXml=Constants.DefaultContextXml;
        }

        return (this.defaultContextXml);

    }


    /**
     * Set the location of the default context file
     *
     * @param path Absolute/relative path to the default context.xml
     * @deprecated Unused
     */
    @Deprecated
    public void setDefaultContextXml(String path) {

        this.defaultContextXml = path;

    }


    /**
     * Sets custom mappings of login methods to authenticators.
     *
     * @param customAuthenticators Custom mappings of login methods to
     * authenticators
     */
    public void setCustomAuthenticators(
            Map<String,Authenticator> customAuthenticators) {
        this.customAuthenticators = customAuthenticators;
    }


    // --------------------------------------------------------- Public Methods


    /**
     * Process events for an associated Context.
     *
     * @param event The lifecycle event that has occurred
     */
    @Override
    public void lifecycleEvent(LifecycleEvent event) {

        // Identify the context we are associated with
        try {
            context = (Context) event.getLifecycle();
        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.cce", event.getLifecycle()), e);
            return;
        }

        // Process the event that has occurred
        if (event.getType().equals(Lifecycle.CONFIGURE_START_EVENT)) {
            configureStart();
        } else if (event.getType().equals(Lifecycle.BEFORE_START_EVENT)) {
            beforeStart();
        } else if (event.getType().equals(Lifecycle.AFTER_START_EVENT)) {
            // Restore docBase for management tools
            if (originalDocBase != null) {
                context.setDocBase(originalDocBase);
            }
        } else if (event.getType().equals(Lifecycle.CONFIGURE_STOP_EVENT)) {
            configureStop();
        } else if (event.getType().equals(Lifecycle.AFTER_INIT_EVENT)) {
            init();
        } else if (event.getType().equals(Lifecycle.AFTER_DESTROY_EVENT)) {
            destroy();
        }

    }


    // -------------------------------------------------------- protected Methods


    /**
     * Process the application classes annotations, if it exists.
     */
    protected void applicationAnnotationsConfig() {

        long t1=System.currentTimeMillis();

        WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationAnnotations(context);

        long t2=System.currentTimeMillis();
        if (context instanceof StandardContext) {
            ((StandardContext) context).setStartupTime(t2-t1+
                    ((StandardContext) context).getStartupTime());
        }
    }


    /**
     * Set up an Authenticator automatically if required, and one has not
     * already been configured.
     */
    protected void authenticatorConfig() {

        LoginConfig loginConfig = context.getLoginConfig();

        SecurityConstraint constraints[] = context.findConstraints();
        if (context.getIgnoreAnnotations() &&
                (constraints == null || constraints.length ==0) &&
                !context.getPreemptiveAuthentication())  {
            return;
        } else {
            if (loginConfig == null) {
                // Not metadata-complete or security constraints present, need
                // an authenticator to support @ServletSecurity annotations
                // and/or constraints
                loginConfig = DUMMY_LOGIN_CONFIG;
                context.setLoginConfig(loginConfig);
            }
        }

        // Has an authenticator been configured already?
        if (context.getAuthenticator() != null)
            return;

        if (!(context instanceof ContainerBase)) {
            return;     // Cannot install a Valve even if it would be needed
        }

        // Has a Realm been configured for us to authenticate against?
        if (context.getRealm() == null) {
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.missingRealm"));
            ok = false;
            return;
        }

        /*
         * First check to see if there is a custom mapping for the login
         * method. If so, use it. Otherwise, check if there is a mapping in
         * org/apache/catalina/startup/Authenticators.properties.
         */
        Valve authenticator = null;
        if (customAuthenticators != null) {
            authenticator = (Valve)
                customAuthenticators.get(loginConfig.getAuthMethod());
        }
        if (authenticator == null) {
            if (authenticators == null) {
                log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.authenticatorResources"));
                ok = false;
                return;
            }

            // Identify the class name of the Valve we should configure
            String authenticatorName = null;
            authenticatorName =
                    authenticators.getProperty(loginConfig.getAuthMethod());
            if (authenticatorName == null) {
                log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.authenticatorMissing",
                                 loginConfig.getAuthMethod()));
                ok = false;
                return;
            }

            // Instantiate and install an Authenticator of the requested class
            try {
                Class<?> authenticatorClass = Class.forName(authenticatorName);
                authenticator = (Valve) authenticatorClass.newInstance();
            } catch (Throwable t) {
                ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t);
                log.error(sm.getString(
                                    "contextConfig.authenticatorInstantiate",
                                    authenticatorName),
                          t);
                ok = false;
            }
        }

        if (authenticator != null && context instanceof ContainerBase) {
            Pipeline pipeline = ((ContainerBase) context).getPipeline();
            if (pipeline != null) {
                ((ContainerBase) context).getPipeline().addValve(authenticator);
                if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    log.debug(sm.getString(
                                    "contextConfig.authenticatorConfigured",
                                    loginConfig.getAuthMethod()));
                }
            }
        }

    }


    /**
     * Create and return a Digester configured to process the
     * web application deployment descriptor (web.xml).
     */
    public void createWebXmlDigester(boolean namespaceAware,
            boolean validation) {

        boolean blockExternal = context.getXmlBlockExternal();
        
        webRuleSet = new WebRuleSet(false);
        webDigester = DigesterFactory.newDigester(validation,
                namespaceAware, webRuleSet, blockExternal);
        webDigester.getParser();

        webFragmentRuleSet = new WebRuleSet(true);
        webFragmentDigester = DigesterFactory.newDigester(validation,
                namespaceAware, webFragmentRuleSet, blockExternal);
        webFragmentDigester.getParser();
    }


    /**
     * Create (if necessary) and return a Digester configured to process the
     * context configuration descriptor for an application.
     */
    protected Digester createContextDigester() {
        Digester digester = new Digester();
        digester.setValidating(false);
        digester.setRulesValidation(true);
        HashMap<Class<?>, List<String>> fakeAttributes =
            new HashMap<Class<?>, List<String>>();
        ArrayList<String> attrs = new ArrayList<String>();
        attrs.add("className");
        fakeAttributes.put(Object.class, attrs);
        digester.setFakeAttributes(fakeAttributes);
        RuleSet contextRuleSet = new ContextRuleSet("", false);
        digester.addRuleSet(contextRuleSet);
        RuleSet namingRuleSet = new NamingRuleSet("Context/");
        digester.addRuleSet(namingRuleSet);
        return digester;
    }


    protected String getBaseDir() {
        Container engineC=context.getParent().getParent();
        if( engineC instanceof StandardEngine ) {
            return ((StandardEngine)engineC).getBaseDir();
        }
        return System.getProperty(Globals.CATALINA_BASE_PROP);
    }


    /**
     * Process the default configuration file, if it exists.
     */
    protected void contextConfig(Digester digester) {

        // Open the default context.xml file, if it exists
        if( defaultContextXml==null && context instanceof StandardContext ) {
            defaultContextXml = ((StandardContext)context).getDefaultContextXml();
        }
        // set the default if we don't have any overrides
        if( defaultContextXml==null ) getDefaultContextXml();

        if (!context.getOverride()) {
            File defaultContextFile = new File(defaultContextXml);
            if (!defaultContextFile.isAbsolute()) {
                defaultContextFile =new File(getBaseDir(), defaultContextXml);
            }
            if (defaultContextFile.exists()) {
                try {
                    URL defaultContextUrl = defaultContextFile.toURI().toURL();
                    processContextConfig(digester, defaultContextUrl);
                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    log.error(sm.getString(
                            "contextConfig.badUrl", defaultContextFile), e);
                }
            }

            File hostContextFile = new File(getHostConfigBase(), Constants.HostContextXml);
            if (hostContextFile.exists()) {
                try {
                    URL hostContextUrl = hostContextFile.toURI().toURL();
                    processContextConfig(digester, hostContextUrl);
                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    log.error(sm.getString(
                            "contextConfig.badUrl", hostContextFile), e);
                }
            }
        }
        if (context.getConfigFile() != null)
            processContextConfig(digester, context.getConfigFile());

    }


    /**
     * Process a context.xml.
     */
    protected void processContextConfig(Digester digester, URL contextXml) {

        if (log.isDebugEnabled())
            log.debug("Processing context [" + context.getName()
                    + "] configuration file [" + contextXml + "]");

        InputSource source = null;
        InputStream stream = null;

        try {
            source = new InputSource(contextXml.toString());
            URLConnection xmlConn = contextXml.openConnection();
            xmlConn.setUseCaches(false);
            stream = xmlConn.getInputStream();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.contextMissing",
                      contextXml) , e);
        }

        if (source == null)
            return;

        try {
            source.setByteStream(stream);
            digester.setClassLoader(this.getClass().getClassLoader());
            digester.setUseContextClassLoader(false);
            digester.push(context.getParent());
            digester.push(context);
            XmlErrorHandler errorHandler = new XmlErrorHandler();
            digester.setErrorHandler(errorHandler);
            digester.parse(source);
            if (errorHandler.getWarnings().size() > 0 ||
                    errorHandler.getErrors().size() > 0) {
                errorHandler.logFindings(log, contextXml.toString());
                ok = false;
            }
            if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                log.debug("Successfully processed context [" + context.getName()
                        + "] configuration file [" + contextXml + "]");
            }
        } catch (SAXParseException e) {
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.contextParse",
                    context.getName()), e);
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.defaultPosition",
                             "" + e.getLineNumber(),
                             "" + e.getColumnNumber()));
            ok = false;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.contextParse",
                    context.getName()), e);
            ok = false;
        } finally {
            try {
                if (stream != null) {
                    stream.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.contextClose"), e);
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * Adjust docBase.
     */
    protected void fixDocBase()
        throws IOException {

        Host host = (Host) context.getParent();
        String appBase = host.getAppBase();

        File canonicalAppBase = new File(appBase);
        if (canonicalAppBase.isAbsolute()) {
            canonicalAppBase = canonicalAppBase.getCanonicalFile();
        } else {
            canonicalAppBase =
                new File(getBaseDir(), appBase)
                .getCanonicalFile();
        }

        String docBase = context.getDocBase();
        if (docBase == null) {
            // Trying to guess the docBase according to the path
            String path = context.getPath();
            if (path == null) {
                return;
            }
            ContextName cn = new ContextName(path, context.getWebappVersion());
            docBase = cn.getBaseName();
        }

        File file = new File(docBase);
        if (!file.isAbsolute()) {
            docBase = (new File(canonicalAppBase, docBase)).getPath();
        } else {
            docBase = file.getCanonicalPath();
        }
        file = new File(docBase);
        String origDocBase = docBase;

        ContextName cn = new ContextName(context.getPath(),
                context.getWebappVersion());
        String pathName = cn.getBaseName();

        boolean unpackWARs = true;
        if (host instanceof StandardHost) {
            unpackWARs = ((StandardHost) host).isUnpackWARs();
            if (unpackWARs && context instanceof StandardContext) {
                unpackWARs =  ((StandardContext) context).getUnpackWAR();
            }
        }

        if (docBase.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH).endsWith(".war") && !file.isDirectory() && unpackWARs) {
            URL war = new URL("jar:" + (new File(docBase)).toURI().toURL() + "!/");
            docBase = ExpandWar.expand(host, war, pathName);
            file = new File(docBase);
            docBase = file.getCanonicalPath();
            if (context instanceof StandardContext) {
                ((StandardContext) context).setOriginalDocBase(origDocBase);
            }
        } else if (docBase.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH).endsWith(".war") &&
                !file.isDirectory() && !unpackWARs) {
            URL war =
                new URL("jar:" + (new File (docBase)).toURI().toURL() + "!/");
            ExpandWar.validate(host, war, pathName);
        } else {
            File docDir = new File(docBase);
            if (!docDir.exists()) {
                File warFile = new File(docBase + ".war");
                if (warFile.exists()) {
                    URL war =
                        new URL("jar:" + warFile.toURI().toURL() + "!/");
                    if (unpackWARs) {
                        docBase = ExpandWar.expand(host, war, pathName);
                        file = new File(docBase);
                        docBase = file.getCanonicalPath();
                    } else {
                        docBase = warFile.getCanonicalPath();
                        ExpandWar.validate(host, war, pathName);
                    }
                }
                if (context instanceof StandardContext) {
                    ((StandardContext) context).setOriginalDocBase(origDocBase);
                }
            }
        }

        if (docBase.startsWith(canonicalAppBase.getPath() + File.separatorChar)) {
            docBase = docBase.substring(canonicalAppBase.getPath().length());
            docBase = docBase.replace(File.separatorChar, '/');
            if (docBase.startsWith("/")) {
                docBase = docBase.substring(1);
            }
        } else {
            docBase = docBase.replace(File.separatorChar, '/');
        }

        context.setDocBase(docBase);

    }


    protected void antiLocking() {

        if ((context instanceof StandardContext)
            && ((StandardContext) context).getAntiResourceLocking()) {

            Host host = (Host) context.getParent();
            String appBase = host.getAppBase();
            String docBase = context.getDocBase();
            if (docBase == null)
                return;
            originalDocBase = docBase;

            File docBaseFile = new File(docBase);
            if (!docBaseFile.isAbsolute()) {
                File file = new File(appBase);
                if (!file.isAbsolute()) {
                    file = new File(getBaseDir(), appBase);
                }
                docBaseFile = new File(file, docBase);
            }

            String path = context.getPath();
            if (path == null) {
                return;
            }
            ContextName cn = new ContextName(path, context.getWebappVersion());
            docBase = cn.getBaseName();

            if (originalDocBase.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH).endsWith(".war")) {
                antiLockingDocBase = new File(
                        System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"),
                        deploymentCount++ + "-" + docBase + ".war");
            } else {
                antiLockingDocBase = new File(
                        System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"),
                        deploymentCount++ + "-" + docBase);
            }
            antiLockingDocBase = antiLockingDocBase.getAbsoluteFile();

            if (log.isDebugEnabled())
                log.debug("Anti locking context[" + context.getName()
                        + "] setting docBase to " +
                        antiLockingDocBase.getPath());

            // Cleanup just in case an old deployment is lying around
            ExpandWar.delete(antiLockingDocBase);
            if (ExpandWar.copy(docBaseFile, antiLockingDocBase)) {
                context.setDocBase(antiLockingDocBase.getPath());
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * Process a "init" event for this Context.
     */
    protected void init() {
        // Called from StandardContext.init()

        Digester contextDigester = createContextDigester();
        contextDigester.getParser();

        if (log.isDebugEnabled())
            log.debug(sm.getString("contextConfig.init"));
        context.setConfigured(false);
        ok = true;

        contextConfig(contextDigester);

        createWebXmlDigester(context.getXmlNamespaceAware(),
                context.getXmlValidation());
    }


    /**
     * Process a "before start" event for this Context.
     */
    protected synchronized void beforeStart() {

        try {
            fixDocBase();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(sm.getString(
                    "contextConfig.fixDocBase", context.getName()), e);
        }

        antiLocking();
    }


    /**
     * Process a "contextConfig" event for this Context.
     */
    protected synchronized void configureStart() {
        // Called from StandardContext.start()

        if (log.isDebugEnabled())
            log.debug(sm.getString("contextConfig.start"));

        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            log.debug(sm.getString("contextConfig.xmlSettings",
                    context.getName(),
                    Boolean.valueOf(context.getXmlValidation()),
                    Boolean.valueOf(context.getXmlNamespaceAware())));
        }

        webConfig();

        if (!context.getIgnoreAnnotations()) {
            applicationAnnotationsConfig();
        }
        if (ok) {
            validateSecurityRoles();
        }

        // Configure an authenticator if we need one
        if (ok)
            authenticatorConfig();

        // Dump the contents of this pipeline if requested
        if ((log.isDebugEnabled()) && (context instanceof ContainerBase)) {
            log.debug("Pipeline Configuration:");
            Pipeline pipeline = ((ContainerBase) context).getPipeline();
            Valve valves[] = null;
            if (pipeline != null)
                valves = pipeline.getValves();
            if (valves != null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < valves.length; i++) {
                    log.debug("  " + valves[i].getInfo());
                }
            }
            log.debug("======================");
        }

        // Make our application available if no problems were encountered
        if (ok)
            context.setConfigured(true);
        else {
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.unavailable"));
            context.setConfigured(false);
        }

    }


    /**
     * Process a "stop" event for this Context.
     */
    protected synchronized void configureStop() {

        if (log.isDebugEnabled())
            log.debug(sm.getString("contextConfig.stop"));

        int i;

        // Removing children
        Container[] children = context.findChildren();
        for (i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
            context.removeChild(children[i]);
        }

        // Removing application parameters
        /*
        ApplicationParameter[] applicationParameters =
            context.findApplicationParameters();
        for (i = 0; i < applicationParameters.length; i++) {
            context.removeApplicationParameter
                (applicationParameters[i].getName());
        }
        */

        // Removing security constraints
        SecurityConstraint[] securityConstraints = context.findConstraints();
        for (i = 0; i < securityConstraints.length; i++) {
            context.removeConstraint(securityConstraints[i]);
        }

        // Removing Ejbs
        /*
        ContextEjb[] contextEjbs = context.findEjbs();
        for (i = 0; i < contextEjbs.length; i++) {
            context.removeEjb(contextEjbs[i].getName());
        }
        */

        // Removing environments
        /*
        ContextEnvironment[] contextEnvironments = context.findEnvironments();
        for (i = 0; i < contextEnvironments.length; i++) {
            context.removeEnvironment(contextEnvironments[i].getName());
        }
        */

        // Removing errors pages
        ErrorPage[] errorPages = context.findErrorPages();
        for (i = 0; i < errorPages.length; i++) {
            context.removeErrorPage(errorPages[i]);
        }

        // Removing filter defs
        FilterDef[] filterDefs = context.findFilterDefs();
        for (i = 0; i < filterDefs.length; i++) {
            context.removeFilterDef(filterDefs[i]);
        }

        // Removing filter maps
        FilterMap[] filterMaps = context.findFilterMaps();
        for (i = 0; i < filterMaps.length; i++) {
            context.removeFilterMap(filterMaps[i]);
        }

        // Removing local ejbs
        /*
        ContextLocalEjb[] contextLocalEjbs = context.findLocalEjbs();
        for (i = 0; i < contextLocalEjbs.length; i++) {
            context.removeLocalEjb(contextLocalEjbs[i].getName());
        }
        */

        // Removing Mime mappings
        String[] mimeMappings = context.findMimeMappings();
        for (i = 0; i < mimeMappings.length; i++) {
            context.removeMimeMapping(mimeMappings[i]);
        }

        // Removing parameters
        String[] parameters = context.findParameters();
        for (i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
            context.removeParameter(parameters[i]);
        }

        // Removing resource env refs
        /*
        String[] resourceEnvRefs = context.findResourceEnvRefs();
        for (i = 0; i < resourceEnvRefs.length; i++) {
            context.removeResourceEnvRef(resourceEnvRefs[i]);
        }
        */

        // Removing resource links
        /*
        ContextResourceLink[] contextResourceLinks =
            context.findResourceLinks();
        for (i = 0; i < contextResourceLinks.length; i++) {
            context.removeResourceLink(contextResourceLinks[i].getName());
        }
        */

        // Removing resources
        /*
        ContextResource[] contextResources = context.findResources();
        for (i = 0; i < contextResources.length; i++) {
            context.removeResource(contextResources[i].getName());
        }
        */

        // Removing security role
        String[] securityRoles = context.findSecurityRoles();
        for (i = 0; i < securityRoles.length; i++) {
            context.removeSecurityRole(securityRoles[i]);
        }

        // Removing servlet mappings
        String[] servletMappings = context.findServletMappings();
        for (i = 0; i < servletMappings.length; i++) {
            context.removeServletMapping(servletMappings[i]);
        }

        // FIXME : Removing status pages

        // Removing welcome files
        String[] welcomeFiles = context.findWelcomeFiles();
        for (i = 0; i < welcomeFiles.length; i++) {
            context.removeWelcomeFile(welcomeFiles[i]);
        }

        // Removing wrapper lifecycles
        String[] wrapperLifecycles = context.findWrapperLifecycles();
        for (i = 0; i < wrapperLifecycles.length; i++) {
            context.removeWrapperLifecycle(wrapperLifecycles[i]);
        }

        // Removing wrapper listeners
        String[] wrapperListeners = context.findWrapperListeners();
        for (i = 0; i < wrapperListeners.length; i++) {
            context.removeWrapperListener(wrapperListeners[i]);
        }

        // Remove (partially) folders and files created by antiLocking
        if (antiLockingDocBase != null) {
            // No need to log failure - it is expected in this case
            ExpandWar.delete(antiLockingDocBase, false);
        }

        // Reset ServletContextInitializer scanning
        initializerClassMap.clear();
        typeInitializerMap.clear();

        ok = true;

    }


    /**
     * Process a "destroy" event for this Context.
     */
    protected synchronized void destroy() {
        // Called from StandardContext.destroy()
        if (log.isDebugEnabled())
            log.debug(sm.getString("contextConfig.destroy"));

        // Skip clearing the work directory if Tomcat is being shutdown
        Server s = getServer();
        if (s != null && !s.getState().isAvailable()) {
            return;
        }

        // Changed to getWorkPath per Bugzilla 35819.
        if (context instanceof StandardContext) {
            String workDir = ((StandardContext) context).getWorkPath();
            if (workDir != null) {
                ExpandWar.delete(new File(workDir));
            }
        }
    }


    private Server getServer() {
        Container c = context;
        while (c != null && !(c instanceof Engine)) {
            c = c.getParent();
        }

        if (c == null) {
            return null;
        }

        Service s = ((Engine)c).getService();

        if (s == null) {
            return null;
        }

        return s.getServer();
    }

    /**
     * Validate the usage of security role names in the web application
     * deployment descriptor.  If any problems are found, issue warning
     * messages (for backwards compatibility) and add the missing roles.
     * (To make these problems fatal instead, simply set the <code>ok</code>
     * instance variable to <code>false</code> as well).
     */
    protected void validateSecurityRoles() {

        // Check role names used in <security-constraint> elements
        SecurityConstraint constraints[] = context.findConstraints();
        for (int i = 0; i < constraints.length; i++) {
            String roles[] = constraints[i].findAuthRoles();
            for (int j = 0; j < roles.length; j++) {
                if (!"*".equals(roles[j]) &&
                    !context.findSecurityRole(roles[j])) {
                    log.warn(sm.getString("contextConfig.role.auth", roles[j]));
                    context.addSecurityRole(roles[j]);
                }
            }
        }

        // Check role names used in <servlet> elements
        Container wrappers[] = context.findChildren();
        for (int i = 0; i < wrappers.length; i++) {
            Wrapper wrapper = (Wrapper) wrappers[i];
            String runAs = wrapper.getRunAs();
            if ((runAs != null) && !context.findSecurityRole(runAs)) {
                log.warn(sm.getString("contextConfig.role.runas", runAs));
                context.addSecurityRole(runAs);
            }
            String names[] = wrapper.findSecurityReferences();
            for (int j = 0; j < names.length; j++) {
                String link = wrapper.findSecurityReference(names[j]);
                if ((link != null) && !context.findSecurityRole(link)) {
                    log.warn(sm.getString("contextConfig.role.link", link));
                    context.addSecurityRole(link);
                }
            }
        }

    }


    /**
     * Get config base.
     *
     * @deprecated  Unused - will be removed in 8.0.x
     */
    @Deprecated
    protected File getConfigBase() {
        File configBase = new File(getBaseDir(), "conf");
        if (!configBase.exists()) {
            return null;
        }
        return configBase;
    }

    protected File getHostConfigBase() {
        File file = null;
        Container container = context;
        Host host = null;
        Engine engine = null;
        while (container != null) {
            if (container instanceof Host) {
                host = (Host)container;
            }
            if (container instanceof Engine) {
                engine = (Engine)container;
            }
            container = container.getParent();
        }
        if (host != null && host.getXmlBase()!=null) {
            String xmlBase = host.getXmlBase();
            file = new File(xmlBase);
            if (!file.isAbsolute())
                file = new File(getBaseDir(), xmlBase);
        } else {
            StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
            if (engine != null) {
                result.append(engine.getName()).append('/');
            }
            if (host != null) {
                result.append(host.getName()).append('/');
            }
            file = new File (getConfigBase(), result.toString());
        }
        try {
            return file.getCanonicalFile();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            return file;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Scan the web.xml files that apply to the web application and merge them
     * using the rules defined in the spec. For the global web.xml files,
     * where there is duplicate configuration, the most specific level wins. ie
     * an application's web.xml takes precedence over the host level or global
     * web.xml file.
     */
    protected void webConfig() {
        /*
         * Anything and everything can override the global and host defaults.
         * This is implemented in two parts
         * - Handle as a web fragment that gets added after everything else so
         *   everything else takes priority
         * - Mark Servlets as overridable so SCI configuration can replace
         *   configuration from the defaults
         */

        /*
         * The rules for annotation scanning are not as clear-cut as one might
         * think. Tomcat implements the following process:
         * - As per SRV.1.6.2, Tomcat will scan for annotations regardless of
         *   which Servlet spec version is declared in web.xml. The EG has
         *   confirmed this is the expected behaviour.
         * - As per http://java.net/jira/browse/SERVLET_SPEC-36, if the main
         *   web.xml is marked as metadata-complete, JARs are still processed
         *   for SCIs.
         * - If metadata-complete=true and an absolute ordering is specified,
         *   JARs excluded from the ordering are also excluded from the SCI
         *   processing.
         * - If an SCI has a @HandlesType annotation then all classes (except
         *   those in JARs excluded from an absolute ordering) need to be
         *   scanned to check if they match.
         */
        Set<WebXml> defaults = new HashSet<WebXml>();
        defaults.add(getDefaultWebXmlFragment());

        WebXml webXml = createWebXml();

        // Parse context level web.xml
        InputSource contextWebXml = getContextWebXmlSource();
        parseWebXml(contextWebXml, webXml, false);

        ServletContext sContext = context.getServletContext();

        // Ordering is important here

        // Step 1. Identify all the JARs packaged with the application
        // If the JARs have a web-fragment.xml it will be parsed at this
        // point.
        Map<String,WebXml> fragments = processJarsForWebFragments(webXml);

        // Step 2. Order the fragments.
        Set<WebXml> orderedFragments = null;
        orderedFragments =
                WebXml.orderWebFragments(webXml, fragments, sContext);

        // Step 3. Look for ServletContainerInitializer implementations
        if (ok) {
            processServletContainerInitializers(context.getServletContext());
        }

        if  (!webXml.isMetadataComplete() || typeInitializerMap.size() > 0) {
            // Step 4. Process /WEB-INF/classes for annotations
            if (ok) {
                // Hack required by Eclipse's "serve modules without
                // publishing" feature since this backs WEB-INF/classes by
                // multiple locations rather than one.
                NamingEnumeration<Binding> listBindings = null;
                try {
                    try {
                        listBindings = context.getResources().listBindings(
                                "/WEB-INF/classes");
                    } catch (NameNotFoundException ignore) {
                        // Safe to ignore
                    }
                    while (listBindings != null &&
                            listBindings.hasMoreElements()) {
                        Binding binding = listBindings.nextElement();
                        if (binding.getObject() instanceof FileDirContext) {
                            File webInfClassDir = new File(
                                    ((FileDirContext) binding.getObject()).getDocBase());
                            processAnnotationsFile(webInfClassDir, webXml,
                                    webXml.isMetadataComplete());
                        } else {
                            String resource =
                                    "/WEB-INF/classes/" + binding.getName();
                            try {
                                URL url = sContext.getResource(resource);
                                processAnnotationsUrl(url, webXml,
                                        webXml.isMetadataComplete());
                            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                                log.error(sm.getString(
                                        "contextConfig.webinfClassesUrl",
                                        resource), e);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                } catch (NamingException e) {
                    log.error(sm.getString(
                            "contextConfig.webinfClassesUrl",
                            "/WEB-INF/classes"), e);
                }
            }

            // Step 5. Process JARs for annotations - only need to process
            // those fragments we are going to use
            if (ok) {
                processAnnotations(
                        orderedFragments, webXml.isMetadataComplete());
            }

            // Cache, if used, is no longer required so clear it
            javaClassCache.clear();
        }

        if (!webXml.isMetadataComplete()) {
            // Step 6. Merge web-fragment.xml files into the main web.xml
            // file.
            if (ok) {
                ok = webXml.merge(orderedFragments);
            }

            // Step 7. Apply global defaults
            // Have to merge defaults before JSP conversion since defaults
            // provide JSP servlet definition.
            webXml.merge(defaults);

            // Step 8. Convert explicitly mentioned jsps to servlets
            if (ok) {
                convertJsps(webXml);
            }

            // Step 9. Apply merged web.xml to Context
            if (ok) {
                webXml.configureContext(context);
            }
        } else {
            webXml.merge(defaults);
            convertJsps(webXml);
            webXml.configureContext(context);
        }

        // Step 9a. Make the merged web.xml available to other
        // components, specifically Jasper, to save those components
        // from having to re-generate it.
        // TODO Use a ServletContainerInitializer for Jasper
        String mergedWebXml = webXml.toXml();
        sContext.setAttribute(
               org.apache.tomcat.util.scan.Constants.MERGED_WEB_XML,
               mergedWebXml);
        if (context.getLogEffectiveWebXml()) {
            log.info("web.xml:\n" + mergedWebXml);
        }

        // Always need to look for static resources
        // Step 10. Look for static resources packaged in JARs
        if (ok) {
            // Spec does not define an order.
            // Use ordered JARs followed by remaining JARs
            Set<WebXml> resourceJars = new LinkedHashSet<WebXml>();
            if (orderedFragments != null) {
                for (WebXml fragment : orderedFragments) {
                    resourceJars.add(fragment);
                }
            }
            for (WebXml fragment : fragments.values()) {
                if (!resourceJars.contains(fragment)) {
                    resourceJars.add(fragment);
                }
            }
            processResourceJARs(resourceJars);
            // See also StandardContext.resourcesStart() for
            // WEB-INF/classes/META-INF/resources configuration
        }

        // Step 11. Apply the ServletContainerInitializer config to the
        // context
        if (ok) {
            for (Map.Entry<ServletContainerInitializer,
                    Set<Class<?>>> entry :
                        initializerClassMap.entrySet()) {
                if (entry.getValue().isEmpty()) {
                    context.addServletContainerInitializer(
                            entry.getKey(), null);
                } else {
                    context.addServletContainerInitializer(
                            entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private WebXml getDefaultWebXmlFragment() {

        // Host should never be null
        Host host = (Host) context.getParent();

        DefaultWebXmlCacheEntry entry = hostWebXmlCache.get(host);

        InputSource globalWebXml = getGlobalWebXmlSource();
        InputSource hostWebXml = getHostWebXmlSource();

        long globalTimeStamp = 0;
        long hostTimeStamp = 0;

        if (globalWebXml != null) {
            try {
                URL url = new URL(globalWebXml.getSystemId());
                globalTimeStamp = url.openConnection().getLastModified();
            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                globalTimeStamp = -1;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                globalTimeStamp = -1;
            }
        }

        if (hostWebXml != null) {
            try {
                URL url = new URL(hostWebXml.getSystemId());
                hostTimeStamp = url.openConnection().getLastModified();
            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                hostTimeStamp = -1;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                hostTimeStamp = -1;
            }
        }

        if (entry != null && entry.getGlobalTimeStamp() == globalTimeStamp &&
                entry.getHostTimeStamp() == hostTimeStamp) {
            return entry.getWebXml();
        }

        // Parsing global web.xml is relatively expensive. Use a sync block to
        // make sure it only happens once. Use the pipeline since a lock will
        // already be held on the host by another thread
        synchronized (host.getPipeline()) {
            entry = hostWebXmlCache.get(host);
            if (entry != null && entry.getGlobalTimeStamp() == globalTimeStamp &&
                    entry.getHostTimeStamp() == hostTimeStamp) {
                return entry.getWebXml();
            }

            WebXml webXmlDefaultFragment = createWebXml();
            webXmlDefaultFragment.setOverridable(true);
            // Set to distributable else every app will be prevented from being
            // distributable when the default fragment is merged with the main
            // web.xml
            webXmlDefaultFragment.setDistributable(true);
            // When merging, the default welcome files are only used if the app has
            // not defined any welcomes files.
            webXmlDefaultFragment.setAlwaysAddWelcomeFiles(false);

            // Parse global web.xml if present
            if (globalWebXml == null) {
                // This is unusual enough to log
                log.info(sm.getString("contextConfig.defaultMissing"));
            } else {
                parseWebXml(globalWebXml, webXmlDefaultFragment, false);
            }

            // Parse host level web.xml if present
            // Additive apart from welcome pages
            webXmlDefaultFragment.setReplaceWelcomeFiles(true);

            parseWebXml(hostWebXml, webXmlDefaultFragment, false);

            // Don't update the cache if an error occurs
            if (globalTimeStamp != -1 && hostTimeStamp != -1) {
                entry = new DefaultWebXmlCacheEntry(webXmlDefaultFragment,
                        globalTimeStamp, hostTimeStamp);
                hostWebXmlCache.put(host, entry);
            }

            return webXmlDefaultFragment;
        }
    }


    private void convertJsps(WebXml webXml) {
        Map<String,String> jspInitParams;
        ServletDef jspServlet = webXml.getServlets().get("jsp");
        if (jspServlet == null) {
            jspInitParams = new HashMap<String,String>();
            Wrapper w = (Wrapper) context.findChild("jsp");
            if (w != null) {
                String[] params = w.findInitParameters();
                for (String param : params) {
                    jspInitParams.put(param, w.findInitParameter(param));
                }
            }
        } else {
            jspInitParams = jspServlet.getParameterMap();
        }
        for (ServletDef servletDef: webXml.getServlets().values()) {
            if (servletDef.getJspFile() != null) {
                convertJsp(servletDef, jspInitParams);
            }
        }
    }

    private void convertJsp(ServletDef servletDef,
            Map<String,String> jspInitParams) {
        servletDef.setServletClass(org.apache.catalina.core.Constants.JSP_SERVLET_CLASS);
        String jspFile = servletDef.getJspFile();
        if ((jspFile != null) && !jspFile.startsWith("/")) {
            if (context.isServlet22()) {
                if(log.isDebugEnabled())
                    log.debug(sm.getString("contextConfig.jspFile.warning",
                                       jspFile));
                jspFile = "/" + jspFile;
            } else {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException
                    (sm.getString("contextConfig.jspFile.error", jspFile));
            }
        }
        servletDef.getParameterMap().put("jspFile", jspFile);
        servletDef.setJspFile(null);
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> initParam: jspInitParams.entrySet()) {
            servletDef.addInitParameter(initParam.getKey(), initParam.getValue());
        }
    }

    protected WebXml createWebXml() {
        return new WebXml();
    }

    /**
     * Scan JARs for ServletContainerInitializer implementations.
     */
    protected void processServletContainerInitializers(ServletContext servletContext) {

        List<ServletContainerInitializer> detectedScis;
        try {
            WebappServiceLoader<ServletContainerInitializer> loader =
                    new WebappServiceLoader<ServletContainerInitializer>(
                            servletContext, context.getContainerSciFilter());
            detectedScis = loader.load(ServletContainerInitializer.class);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(sm.getString(
                    "contextConfig.servletContainerInitializerFail",
                    context.getName()),
                e);
            ok = false;
            return;
        }

        for (ServletContainerInitializer sci : detectedScis) {
            initializerClassMap.put(sci, new HashSet<Class<?>>());

            HandlesTypes ht;
            try {
                ht = sci.getClass().getAnnotation(HandlesTypes.class);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    log.info(sm.getString("contextConfig.sci.debug",
                            sci.getClass().getName()),
                            e);
                } else {
                    log.info(sm.getString("contextConfig.sci.info",
                            sci.getClass().getName()));
                }
                continue;
            }
            if (ht == null) {
                continue;
            }
            Class<?>[] types = ht.value();
            if (types == null) {
                continue;
            }

            for (Class<?> type : types) {
                if (type.isAnnotation()) {
                    handlesTypesAnnotations = true;
                } else {
                    handlesTypesNonAnnotations = true;
                }
                Set<ServletContainerInitializer> scis =
                        typeInitializerMap.get(type);
                if (scis == null) {
                    scis = new HashSet<ServletContainerInitializer>();
                    typeInitializerMap.put(type, scis);
                }
                scis.add(sci);
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * Scan JARs that contain web-fragment.xml files that will be used to
     * configure this application to see if they also contain static resources.
     * If static resources are found, add them to the context. Resources are
     * added in web-fragment.xml priority order.
     */
    protected void processResourceJARs(Set<WebXml> fragments) {
        for (WebXml fragment : fragments) {
            URL url = fragment.getURL();
            Jar jar = null;
            try {
                // Note: Ignore file URLs for now since only jar URLs will be accepted
                if ("jar".equals(url.getProtocol())) {
                    jar = JarFactory.newInstance(url);
                    jar.nextEntry();
                    String entryName = jar.getEntryName();
                    while (entryName != null) {
                        if (entryName.startsWith("META-INF/resources/")) {
                            context.addResourceJarUrl(url);
                            break;
                        }
                        jar.nextEntry();
                        entryName = jar.getEntryName();
                    }
                } else if ("file".equals(url.getProtocol())) {
                    FileDirContext fileDirContext = new FileDirContext();
                    fileDirContext.setDocBase(new File(url.toURI()).getAbsolutePath());
                    try {
                        fileDirContext.lookup("META-INF/resources/");
                        //lookup succeeded
                        if(context instanceof StandardContext){
                            ((StandardContext)context).addResourcesDirContext(fileDirContext);
                        }
                    } catch (NamingException e) {
                        //not found, ignore
                    }
                }
            } catch (IOException ioe) {
                log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.resourceJarFail", url,
                        context.getName()));
            } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
                log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.resourceJarFail", url,
                    context.getName()));
            } finally {
                if (jar != null) {
                    jar.close();
                }
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * Identify the default web.xml to be used and obtain an input source for
     * it.
     */
    protected InputSource getGlobalWebXmlSource() {
        // Is a default web.xml specified for the Context?
        if (defaultWebXml == null && context instanceof StandardContext) {
            defaultWebXml = ((StandardContext) context).getDefaultWebXml();
        }
        // Set the default if we don't have any overrides
        if (defaultWebXml == null) getDefaultWebXml();

        // Is it explicitly suppressed, e.g. in embedded environment?
        if (Constants.NoDefaultWebXml.equals(defaultWebXml)) {
            return null;
        }
        return getWebXmlSource(defaultWebXml, getBaseDir());
    }


    /**
     * Identify the host web.xml to be used and obtain an input source for
     * it.
     */
    protected InputSource getHostWebXmlSource() {
        File hostConfigBase = getHostConfigBase();
        if (!hostConfigBase.exists())
            return null;

        return getWebXmlSource(Constants.HostWebXml, hostConfigBase.getPath());
    }

    /**
     * Identify the application web.xml to be used and obtain an input source
     * for it.
     */
    protected InputSource getContextWebXmlSource() {
        InputStream stream = null;
        InputSource source = null;
        URL url = null;

        String altDDName = null;

        // Open the application web.xml file, if it exists
        ServletContext servletContext = context.getServletContext();
        if (servletContext != null) {
            altDDName = (String)servletContext.getAttribute(
                                                        Globals.ALT_DD_ATTR);
            if (altDDName != null) {
                try {
                    stream = new FileInputStream(altDDName);
                    url = new File(altDDName).toURI().toURL();
                } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                    log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.altDDNotFound",
                                           altDDName));
                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.applicationUrl"));
                }
            }
            else {
                stream = servletContext.getResourceAsStream
                    (Constants.ApplicationWebXml);
                try {
                    url = servletContext.getResource(
                            Constants.ApplicationWebXml);
                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.applicationUrl"));
                }
            }
        }
        if (stream == null || url == null) {
            if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                log.debug(sm.getString("contextConfig.applicationMissing") + " " + context);
            }
        } else {
            source = new InputSource(url.toExternalForm());
            source.setByteStream(stream);
        }

        return source;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param filename  Name of the file (possibly with one or more leading path
     *                  segments) to read
     * @param path      Location that filename is relative to
     */
    protected InputSource getWebXmlSource(String filename, String path) {
        File file = new File(filename);
        if (!file.isAbsolute()) {
            file = new File(path, filename);
        }

        InputStream stream = null;
        InputSource source = null;

        try {
            if (!file.exists()) {
                // Use getResource and getResourceAsStream
                stream =
                    getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(filename);
                if(stream != null) {
                    source =
                        new InputSource(getClass().getClassLoader().getResource(
                                filename).toURI().toString());
                }
            } else {
                source = new InputSource(file.getAbsoluteFile().toURI().toString());
                stream = new FileInputStream(file);
            }

            if (stream != null && source != null) {
                source.setByteStream(stream);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(sm.getString(
                    "contextConfig.defaultError", filename, file), e);
        }

        return source;
    }


    /**
     * Parses the given source and stores the parsed data in the given web.xml
     * representation. The byte stream will be closed at the end of the parse
     * operation.
     *
     * @param source Input source containing the XML data to be parsed
     * @param dest The object representation of common elements of web.xml and
     *             web-fragment.xml
     * @param fragment Specifies whether the source is web-fragment.xml or
     *                 web.xml
     */
    protected void parseWebXml(InputSource source, WebXml dest,
            boolean fragment) {

        if (source == null) return;

        XmlErrorHandler handler = new XmlErrorHandler();

        Digester digester;
        WebRuleSet ruleSet;
        if (fragment) {
            digester = webFragmentDigester;
            ruleSet = webFragmentRuleSet;
        } else {
            digester = webDigester;
            ruleSet = webRuleSet;
        }

        digester.push(dest);
        digester.setErrorHandler(handler);

        if(log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            log.debug(sm.getString("contextConfig.applicationStart",
                    source.getSystemId()));
        }

        try {
            digester.parse(source);

            if (handler.getWarnings().size() > 0 ||
                    handler.getErrors().size() > 0) {
                ok = false;
                handler.logFindings(log, source.getSystemId());
            }
        } catch (SAXParseException e) {
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.applicationParse",
                    source.getSystemId()), e);
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.applicationPosition",
                             "" + e.getLineNumber(),
                             "" + e.getColumnNumber()));
            ok = false;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.applicationParse",
                    source.getSystemId()), e);
            ok = false;
        } finally {
            digester.reset();
            ruleSet.recycle();

            InputStream is = source.getByteStream();
            if (is != null) {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (Throwable t) {
                    ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t);
                }
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * Scan /WEB-INF/lib for JARs and for each one found add it and any
     * /META-INF/web-fragment.xml to the resulting Map. web-fragment.xml files
     * will be parsed before being added to the map. Every JAR will be added and
     * <code>null</code> will be used if no web-fragment.xml was found. Any JARs
     * known not contain fragments will be skipped.
     *
     * @return A map of JAR name to processed web fragment (if any)
     */
    protected Map<String,WebXml> processJarsForWebFragments(WebXml application) {

        JarScanner jarScanner = context.getJarScanner();

        boolean parseRequired = true;
        Set<String> absoluteOrder = application.getAbsoluteOrdering();
        if (absoluteOrder != null && absoluteOrder.isEmpty() &&
                !context.getXmlValidation()) {
            // Skip parsing when there is an empty absolute ordering and
            // validation is not enabled
            parseRequired = false;
        }

        FragmentJarScannerCallback callback =
                new FragmentJarScannerCallback(parseRequired);

        jarScanner.scan(context.getServletContext(),
                context.getLoader().getClassLoader(), callback,
                pluggabilityJarsToSkip);

        return callback.getFragments();
    }

    protected void processAnnotations(Set<WebXml> fragments,
            boolean handlesTypesOnly) {
        for(WebXml fragment : fragments) {
            WebXml annotations = new WebXml();
            // no impact on distributable
            annotations.setDistributable(true);
            URL url = fragment.getURL();
            processAnnotationsUrl(url, annotations,
                    (handlesTypesOnly || fragment.isMetadataComplete()));
            Set<WebXml> set = new HashSet<WebXml>();
            set.add(annotations);
            // Merge annotations into fragment - fragment takes priority
            fragment.merge(set);
        }
    }

    protected void processAnnotationsUrl(URL url, WebXml fragment,
            boolean handlesTypesOnly) {
        if (url == null) {
            // Nothing to do.
            return;
        } else if ("jar".equals(url.getProtocol())) {
            processAnnotationsJar(url, fragment, handlesTypesOnly);
        } else if ("jndi".equals(url.getProtocol())) {
            processAnnotationsJndi(url, fragment, handlesTypesOnly);
        } else if ("file".equals(url.getProtocol())) {
            try {
                processAnnotationsFile(
                        new File(url.toURI()), fragment, handlesTypesOnly);
            } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
                log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.fileUrl", url), e);
            }
        } else {
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.unknownUrlProtocol",
                    url.getProtocol(), url));
        }

    }


    protected void processAnnotationsJar(URL url, WebXml fragment,
            boolean handlesTypesOnly) {

        Jar jar = null;
        InputStream is;

        try {
            jar = JarFactory.newInstance(url);

            jar.nextEntry();
            String entryName = jar.getEntryName();
            while (entryName != null) {
                if (entryName.endsWith(".class")) {
                    is = null;
                    try {
                        is = jar.getEntryInputStream();
                        processAnnotationsStream(
                                is, fragment, handlesTypesOnly);
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.inputStreamJar",
                                entryName, url),e);
                    } catch (ClassFormatException e) {
                        log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.inputStreamJar",
                                entryName, url),e);
                    } finally {
                        if (is != null) {
                            try {
                                is.close();
                            } catch (IOException ioe) {
                                // Ignore
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                jar.nextEntry();
                entryName = jar.getEntryName();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.jarFile", url), e);
        } finally {
            if (jar != null) {
                jar.close();
            }
        }
    }


    protected void processAnnotationsJndi(URL url, WebXml fragment,
            boolean handlesTypesOnly) {
        try {
            URLConnection urlConn = url.openConnection();
            DirContextURLConnection dcUrlConn;
            if (!(urlConn instanceof DirContextURLConnection)) {
                // This should never happen
                sm.getString("contextConfig.jndiUrlNotDirContextConn", url);
                return;
            }

            dcUrlConn = (DirContextURLConnection) urlConn;
            dcUrlConn.setUseCaches(false);

            String type = dcUrlConn.getHeaderField(ResourceAttributes.TYPE);
            if (ResourceAttributes.COLLECTION_TYPE.equals(type)) {
                // Collection
                Enumeration<String> dirs = dcUrlConn.list();
                while (dirs.hasMoreElements()) {
                    String dir = dirs.nextElement();
                    URL dirUrl = new URL(url.toString() + '/' + dir);
                    processAnnotationsJndi(dirUrl, fragment, handlesTypesOnly);
                }

            } else {
                // Single file
                if (url.getPath().endsWith(".class")) {
                    InputStream is = null;
                    try {
                        is = dcUrlConn.getInputStream();
                        processAnnotationsStream(
                                is, fragment, handlesTypesOnly);
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.inputStreamJndi",
                                url),e);
                    } catch (ClassFormatException e) {
                        log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.inputStreamJndi",
                                url),e);
                    } finally {
                        if (is != null) {
                            try {
                                is.close();
                            } catch (Throwable t) {
                                ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.jndiUrl", url), e);
        }
    }


    protected void processAnnotationsFile(File file, WebXml fragment,
            boolean handlesTypesOnly) {

        if (file.isDirectory()) {
            String[] dirs = file.list();
            for (String dir : dirs) {
                processAnnotationsFile(
                        new File(file,dir), fragment, handlesTypesOnly);
            }
        } else if (file.canRead() && file.getName().endsWith(".class")) {
            FileInputStream fis = null;
            try {
                fis = new FileInputStream(file);
                processAnnotationsStream(fis, fragment, handlesTypesOnly);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.inputStreamFile",
                        file.getAbsolutePath()),e);
            } catch (ClassFormatException e) {
                log.error(sm.getString("contextConfig.inputStreamFile",
                        file.getAbsolutePath()),e);
            } finally {
                if (fis != null) {
                    try {
                        fis.close();
                    } catch (Throwable t) {
                        ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }


    protected void processAnnotationsStream(InputStream is, WebXml fragment,
            boolean handlesTypesOnly)
            throws ClassFormatException, IOException {

        ClassParser parser = new ClassParser(is, null);
        JavaClass clazz = parser.parse();
        checkHandlesTypes(clazz);

        if (handlesTypesOnly) {
            return;
        }

        String className = clazz.getClassName();

        AnnotationEntry[] annotationsEntries = clazz.getAnnotationEntries();

        for (AnnotationEntry ae : annotationsEntries) {
            String type = ae.getAnnotationType();
            if ("Ljavax/servlet/annotation/WebServlet;".equals(type)) {
                processAnnotationWebServlet(className, ae, fragment);
            }else if ("Ljavax/servlet/annotation/WebFilter;".equals(type)) {
                processAnnotationWebFilter(className, ae, fragment);
            }else if ("Ljavax/servlet/annotation/WebListener;".equals(type)) {
                fragment.addListener(className);
            } else {
                // Unknown annotation - ignore
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * For classes packaged with the web application, the class and each
     * super class needs to be checked for a match with {@link HandlesTypes} or
     * for an annotation that matches {@link HandlesTypes}.
     * @param javaClass
     */
    protected void checkHandlesTypes(JavaClass javaClass) {

        // Skip this if we can
        if (typeInitializerMap.size() == 0)
            return;

        if ((javaClass.getAccessFlags() &
                org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.Constants.ACC_ANNOTATION) > 0) {
            // Skip annotations.
            return;
        }

        String className = javaClass.getClassName();

        Class<?> clazz = null;
        if (handlesTypesNonAnnotations) {
            // This *might* be match for a HandlesType.
            populateJavaClassCache(className, javaClass);
            JavaClassCacheEntry entry = javaClassCache.get(className);
            if (entry.getSciSet() == null) {
                try {
                    populateSCIsForCacheEntry(entry);
                } catch (StackOverflowError soe) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException(sm.getString(
                            "contextConfig.annotationsStackOverflow",
                            context.getName(),
                            classHierarchyToString(className, entry)));
                }
            }
            if (entry.getSciSet().size() > 0) {
                // Need to try and load the class
                clazz = Introspection.loadClass(context, className);
                if (clazz == null) {
                    // Can't load the class so no point continuing
                    return;
                }

                for (ServletContainerInitializer sci :
                        entry.getSciSet()) {
                    Set<Class<?>> classes = initializerClassMap.get(sci);
                    if (classes == null) {
                        classes = new HashSet<Class<?>>();
                        initializerClassMap.put(sci, classes);
                    }
                    classes.add(clazz);
                }
            }
        }

        if (handlesTypesAnnotations) {
            for (Map.Entry<Class<?>, Set<ServletContainerInitializer>> entry :
                    typeInitializerMap.entrySet()) {
                if (entry.getKey().isAnnotation()) {
                    AnnotationEntry[] annotationEntries =
                            javaClass.getAnnotationEntries();
                    for (AnnotationEntry annotationEntry : annotationEntries) {
                        if (entry.getKey().getName().equals(
                                getClassName(annotationEntry.getAnnotationType()))) {
                            if (clazz == null) {
                                clazz = Introspection.loadClass(
                                        context, className);
                                if (clazz == null) {
                                    // Can't load the class so no point
                                    // continuing
                                    return;
                                }
                            }
                            for (ServletContainerInitializer sci : entry.getValue()) {
                                initializerClassMap.get(sci).add(clazz);
                            }
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }


    private String classHierarchyToString(String className,
            JavaClassCacheEntry entry) {
        JavaClassCacheEntry start = entry;
        StringBuilder msg = new StringBuilder(className);
        msg.append("->");

        String parentName = entry.getSuperclassName();
        JavaClassCacheEntry parent = javaClassCache.get(parentName);
        int count = 0;

        while (count < 100 && parent != null && parent != start) {
            msg.append(parentName);
            msg.append("->");

            count ++;
            parentName = parent.getSuperclassName();
            parent = javaClassCache.get(parentName);
        }

        msg.append(parentName);

        return msg.toString();
    }

    private void populateJavaClassCache(String className, JavaClass javaClass) {
        if (javaClassCache.containsKey(className)) {
            return;
        }

        // Add this class to the cache
        javaClassCache.put(className, new JavaClassCacheEntry(javaClass));

        populateJavaClassCache(javaClass.getSuperclassName());

        for (String iterface : javaClass.getInterfaceNames()) {
            populateJavaClassCache(iterface);
        }
    }

    private void populateJavaClassCache(String className) {
        if (!javaClassCache.containsKey(className)) {
            String name = className.replace('.', '/') + ".class";
            InputStream is =
                    context.getLoader().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(name);
            if (is == null) {
                return;
            }
            ClassParser parser = new ClassParser(is, null);
            try {
                JavaClass clazz = parser.parse();
                populateJavaClassCache(clazz.getClassName(), clazz);
            } catch (ClassFormatException e) {
                log.debug(sm.getString("contextConfig.invalidSciHandlesTypes",
                        className), e);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                log.debug(sm.getString("contextConfig.invalidSciHandlesTypes",
                        className), e);
            } finally {
                try {
                    is.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // ignore
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void populateSCIsForCacheEntry(JavaClassCacheEntry cacheEntry) {
        Set<ServletContainerInitializer> result =
                new HashSet<ServletContainerInitializer>();

        // Super class
        String superClassName = cacheEntry.getSuperclassName();
        JavaClassCacheEntry superClassCacheEntry =
                javaClassCache.get(superClassName);

        // Avoid an infinite loop with java.lang.Object
        if (cacheEntry.equals(superClassCacheEntry)) {
            cacheEntry.setSciSet(new HashSet<ServletContainerInitializer>());
            return;
        }

        // May be null of the class is not present or could not be loaded.
        if (superClassCacheEntry != null) {
            if (superClassCacheEntry.getSciSet() == null) {
                populateSCIsForCacheEntry(superClassCacheEntry);
            }
            result.addAll(superClassCacheEntry.getSciSet());
        }
        result.addAll(getSCIsForClass(superClassName));

        // Interfaces
        for (String interfaceName : cacheEntry.getInterfaceNames()) {
            JavaClassCacheEntry interfaceEntry =
                    javaClassCache.get(interfaceName);
            // A null could mean that the class not present in application or
            // that there is nothing of interest. Either way, nothing to do here
            // so move along
            if (interfaceEntry != null) {
                if (interfaceEntry.getSciSet() == null) {
                    populateSCIsForCacheEntry(interfaceEntry);
                }
                result.addAll(interfaceEntry.getSciSet());
            }
            result.addAll(getSCIsForClass(interfaceName));
        }

        cacheEntry.setSciSet(result);
    }

    private Set<ServletContainerInitializer> getSCIsForClass(String className) {
        for (Map.Entry<Class<?>, Set<ServletContainerInitializer>> entry :
                typeInitializerMap.entrySet()) {
            Class<?> clazz = entry.getKey();
            if (!clazz.isAnnotation()) {
                if (clazz.getName().equals(className)) {
                    return entry.getValue();
                }
            }
        }
        return Collections.emptySet();
    }

    private static final String getClassName(String internalForm) {
        if (!internalForm.startsWith("L")) {
            return internalForm;
        }

        // Assume starts with L, ends with ; and uses / rather than .
        return internalForm.substring(1,
                internalForm.length() - 1).replace('/', '.');
    }

    protected void processAnnotationWebServlet(String className,
            AnnotationEntry ae, WebXml fragment) {
        String servletName = null;
        // must search for name s. Spec Servlet API 3.0 - 8.2.3.3.n.ii page 81
        ElementValuePair[] evps = ae.getElementValuePairs();
        for (ElementValuePair evp : evps) {
            String name = evp.getNameString();
            if ("name".equals(name)) {
                servletName = evp.getValue().stringifyValue();
                break;
            }
        }
        if (servletName == null) {
            // classname is default servletName as annotation has no name!
            servletName = className;
        }
        ServletDef servletDef = fragment.getServlets().get(servletName);

        boolean isWebXMLservletDef;
        if (servletDef == null) {
            servletDef = new ServletDef();
            servletDef.setServletName(servletName);
            servletDef.setServletClass(className);
            isWebXMLservletDef = false;
        } else {
            isWebXMLservletDef = true;
        }

        boolean urlPatternsSet = false;
        String[] urlPatterns = null;

        // ElementValuePair[] evps = ae.getElementValuePairs();
        for (ElementValuePair evp : evps) {
            String name = evp.getNameString();
            if ("value".equals(name) || "urlPatterns".equals(name)) {
                if (urlPatternsSet) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(sm.getString(
                            "contextConfig.urlPatternValue", className));
                }
                urlPatternsSet = true;
                urlPatterns = processAnnotationsStringArray(evp.getValue());
            } else if ("description".equals(name)) {
                if (servletDef.getDescription() == null) {
                    servletDef.setDescription(evp.getValue().stringifyValue());
                }
            } else if ("displayName".equals(name)) {
                if (servletDef.getDisplayName() == null) {
                    servletDef.setDisplayName(evp.getValue().stringifyValue());
                }
            } else if ("largeIcon".equals(name)) {
                if (servletDef.getLargeIcon() == null) {
                    servletDef.setLargeIcon(evp.getValue().stringifyValue());
                }
            } else if ("smallIcon".equals(name)) {
                if (servletDef.getSmallIcon() == null) {
                    servletDef.setSmallIcon(evp.getValue().stringifyValue());
                }
            } else if ("asyncSupported".equals(name)) {
                if (servletDef.getAsyncSupported() == null) {
                    servletDef.setAsyncSupported(evp.getValue()
                            .stringifyValue());
                }
            } else if ("loadOnStartup".equals(name)) {
                if (servletDef.getLoadOnStartup() == null) {
                    servletDef
                            .setLoadOnStartup(evp.getValue().stringifyValue());
                }
            } else if ("initParams".equals(name)) {
                Map<String, String> initParams = processAnnotationWebInitParams(evp
                        .getValue());
                if (isWebXMLservletDef) {
                    Map<String, String> webXMLInitParams = servletDef
                            .getParameterMap();
                    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : initParams
                            .entrySet()) {
                        if (webXMLInitParams.get(entry.getKey()) == null) {
                            servletDef.addInitParameter(entry.getKey(), entry
                                    .getValue());
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : initParams
                            .entrySet()) {
                        servletDef.addInitParameter(entry.getKey(), entry
                                .getValue());
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (!isWebXMLservletDef && urlPatterns != null) {
            fragment.addServlet(servletDef);
        }
        if (urlPatterns != null) {
            if (!fragment.getServletMappings().containsValue(servletName)) {
                for (String urlPattern : urlPatterns) {
                    fragment.addServletMapping(urlPattern, servletName);
                }
            }
        }

    }

    /**
     * process filter annotation and merge with existing one!
     * FIXME: refactoring method too long and has redundant subroutines with
     *        processAnnotationWebServlet!
     * @param className
     * @param ae
     * @param fragment
     */
    protected void processAnnotationWebFilter(String className,
            AnnotationEntry ae, WebXml fragment) {
        String filterName = null;
        // must search for name s. Spec Servlet API 3.0 - 8.2.3.3.n.ii page 81
        ElementValuePair[] evps = ae.getElementValuePairs();
        for (ElementValuePair evp : evps) {
            String name = evp.getNameString();
            if ("filterName".equals(name)) {
                filterName = evp.getValue().stringifyValue();
                break;
            }
        }
        if (filterName == null) {
            // classname is default filterName as annotation has no name!
            filterName = className;
        }
        FilterDef filterDef = fragment.getFilters().get(filterName);
        FilterMap filterMap = new FilterMap();

        boolean isWebXMLfilterDef;
        if (filterDef == null) {
            filterDef = new FilterDef();
            filterDef.setFilterName(filterName);
            filterDef.setFilterClass(className);
            isWebXMLfilterDef = false;
        } else {
            isWebXMLfilterDef = true;
        }

        boolean urlPatternsSet = false;
        boolean servletNamesSet = false;
        boolean dispatchTypesSet = false;
        String[] urlPatterns = null;

        for (ElementValuePair evp : evps) {
            String name = evp.getNameString();
            if ("value".equals(name) || "urlPatterns".equals(name)) {
                if (urlPatternsSet) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(sm.getString(
                            "contextConfig.urlPatternValue", className));
                }
                urlPatterns = processAnnotationsStringArray(evp.getValue());
                urlPatternsSet = urlPatterns.length > 0;
                for (String urlPattern : urlPatterns) {
                    filterMap.addURLPattern(urlPattern);
                }
            } else if ("servletNames".equals(name)) {
                String[] servletNames = processAnnotationsStringArray(evp
                        .getValue());
                servletNamesSet = servletNames.length > 0;
                for (String servletName : servletNames) {
                    filterMap.addServletName(servletName);
                }
            } else if ("dispatcherTypes".equals(name)) {
                String[] dispatcherTypes = processAnnotationsStringArray(evp
                        .getValue());
                dispatchTypesSet = dispatcherTypes.length > 0;
                for (String dispatcherType : dispatcherTypes) {
                    filterMap.setDispatcher(dispatcherType);
                }
            } else if ("description".equals(name)) {
                if (filterDef.getDescription() == null) {
                    filterDef.setDescription(evp.getValue().stringifyValue());
                }
            } else if ("displayName".equals(name)) {
                if (filterDef.getDisplayName() == null) {
                    filterDef.setDisplayName(evp.getValue().stringifyValue());
                }
            } else if ("largeIcon".equals(name)) {
                if (filterDef.getLargeIcon() == null) {
                    filterDef.setLargeIcon(evp.getValue().stringifyValue());
                }
            } else if ("smallIcon".equals(name)) {
                if (filterDef.getSmallIcon() == null) {
                    filterDef.setSmallIcon(evp.getValue().stringifyValue());
                }
            } else if ("asyncSupported".equals(name)) {
                if (filterDef.getAsyncSupported() == null) {
                    filterDef
                            .setAsyncSupported(evp.getValue().stringifyValue());
                }
            } else if ("initParams".equals(name)) {
                Map<String, String> initParams = processAnnotationWebInitParams(evp
                        .getValue());
                if (isWebXMLfilterDef) {
                    Map<String, String> webXMLInitParams = filterDef
                            .getParameterMap();
                    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : initParams
                            .entrySet()) {
                        if (webXMLInitParams.get(entry.getKey()) == null) {
                            filterDef.addInitParameter(entry.getKey(), entry
                                    .getValue());
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : initParams
                            .entrySet()) {
                        filterDef.addInitParameter(entry.getKey(), entry
                                .getValue());
                    }
                }

            }
        }
        if (!isWebXMLfilterDef) {
            fragment.addFilter(filterDef);
            if (urlPatternsSet || servletNamesSet) {
                filterMap.setFilterName(filterName);
                fragment.addFilterMapping(filterMap);
            }
        }
        if (urlPatternsSet || dispatchTypesSet) {
            Set<FilterMap> fmap = fragment.getFilterMappings();
            FilterMap descMap = null;
            for (FilterMap map : fmap) {
                if (filterName.equals(map.getFilterName())) {
                    descMap = map;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (descMap != null) {
                String[] urlsPatterns = descMap.getURLPatterns();
                if (urlPatternsSet
                        && (urlsPatterns == null || urlsPatterns.length == 0)) {
                    for (String urlPattern : filterMap.getURLPatterns()) {
                        descMap.addURLPattern(urlPattern);
                    }
                }
                String[] dispatcherNames = descMap.getDispatcherNames();
                if (dispatchTypesSet
                        && (dispatcherNames == null || dispatcherNames.length == 0)) {
                    for (String dis : filterMap.getDispatcherNames()) {
                        descMap.setDispatcher(dis);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

    }

    protected String[] processAnnotationsStringArray(ElementValue ev) {
        ArrayList<String> values = new ArrayList<String>();
        if (ev instanceof ArrayElementValue) {
            ElementValue[] arrayValues =
                ((ArrayElementValue) ev).getElementValuesArray();
            for (ElementValue value : arrayValues) {
                values.add(value.stringifyValue());
            }
        } else {
            values.add(ev.stringifyValue());
        }
        String[] result = new String[values.size()];
        return values.toArray(result);
    }

    protected Map<String,String> processAnnotationWebInitParams(
            ElementValue ev) {
        Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<String,String>();
        if (ev instanceof ArrayElementValue) {
            ElementValue[] arrayValues =
                ((ArrayElementValue) ev).getElementValuesArray();
            for (ElementValue value : arrayValues) {
                if (value instanceof AnnotationElementValue) {
                    ElementValuePair[] evps = ((AnnotationElementValue)
                            value).getAnnotationEntry().getElementValuePairs();
                    String initParamName = null;
                    String initParamValue = null;
                    for (ElementValuePair evp : evps) {
                        if ("name".equals(evp.getNameString())) {
                            initParamName = evp.getValue().stringifyValue();
                        } else if ("value".equals(evp.getNameString())) {
                            initParamValue = evp.getValue().stringifyValue();
                        } else {
                            // Ignore
                        }
                    }
                    result.put(initParamName, initParamValue);
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    private class FragmentJarScannerCallback implements JarScannerCallback {

        private static final String FRAGMENT_LOCATION =
            "META-INF/web-fragment.xml";
        private Map<String,WebXml> fragments = new HashMap<String,WebXml>();
        private final boolean parseRequired;

        public FragmentJarScannerCallback(boolean parseRequired) {
            this.parseRequired = parseRequired;
        }
        
        @Override
        public void scan(JarURLConnection jarConn) throws IOException {

            URL url = jarConn.getURL();
            URL resourceURL = jarConn.getJarFileURL();
            Jar jar = null;
            InputStream is = null;
            WebXml fragment = new WebXml();

            try {
                jar = JarFactory.newInstance(url);
                if (parseRequired || context.getXmlValidation()) {
                    is = jar.getInputStream(FRAGMENT_LOCATION);
                }

                if (is == null) {
                    // If there is no web-fragment.xml to process there is no
                    // impact on distributable
                    fragment.setDistributable(true);
                } else {
                    InputSource source = new InputSource(
                            "jar:" + resourceURL.toString() + "!/" +
                            FRAGMENT_LOCATION);
                    source.setByteStream(is);
                    parseWebXml(source, fragment, true);
                }
            } finally {
                if (jar != null) {
                    jar.close();
                }
                fragment.setURL(url);
                if (fragment.getName() == null) {
                    fragment.setName(fragment.getURL().toString());
                }
                fragment.setJarName(extractJarFileName(url));
                fragments.put(fragment.getName(), fragment);
            }
        }

        private String extractJarFileName(URL input) {
            String url = input.toString();
            if (url.endsWith("!/")) {
                // Remove it
                url = url.substring(0, url.length() - 2);
            }

            // File name will now be whatever is after the final /
            return url.substring(url.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
        }

        @Override
        public void scan(File file) throws IOException {

            InputStream stream = null;
            WebXml fragment = new WebXml();

            try {
                File fragmentFile = new File(file, FRAGMENT_LOCATION);
                if (fragmentFile.isFile()) {
                    stream = new FileInputStream(fragmentFile);
                    InputSource source =
                        new InputSource(fragmentFile.toURI().toURL().toString());
                    source.setByteStream(stream);
                    parseWebXml(source, fragment, true);
                } else {
                    // If there is no web.xml, normal folder no impact on
                    // distributable
                    fragment.setDistributable(true);
                }
            } finally {
                fragment.setURL(file.toURI().toURL());
                if (fragment.getName() == null) {
                    fragment.setName(fragment.getURL().toString());
                }
                fragment.setJarName(file.getName());
                fragments.put(fragment.getName(), fragment);
            }
        }

        public Map<String,WebXml> getFragments() {
            return fragments;
        }
    }

    private static class DefaultWebXmlCacheEntry {
        private final WebXml webXml;
        private final long globalTimeStamp;
        private final long hostTimeStamp;

        public DefaultWebXmlCacheEntry(WebXml webXml, long globalTimeStamp,
                long hostTimeStamp) {
            this.webXml = webXml;
            this.globalTimeStamp = globalTimeStamp;
            this.hostTimeStamp = hostTimeStamp;
        }

        public WebXml getWebXml() {
            return webXml;
        }

        public long getGlobalTimeStamp() {
            return globalTimeStamp;
        }

        public long getHostTimeStamp() {
            return hostTimeStamp;
        }
    }

    private static class JavaClassCacheEntry {
        public final String superclassName;

        public final String[] interfaceNames;

        private Set<ServletContainerInitializer> sciSet = null;

        public JavaClassCacheEntry(JavaClass javaClass) {
            superclassName = javaClass.getSuperclassName();
            interfaceNames = javaClass.getInterfaceNames();
        }

        public String getSuperclassName() {
            return superclassName;
        }

        public String[] getInterfaceNames() {
            return interfaceNames;
        }

        public Set<ServletContainerInitializer> getSciSet() {
            return sciSet;
        }

        public void setSciSet(Set<ServletContainerInitializer> sciSet) {
            this.sciSet = sciSet;
        }
    }
}
