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<!DOCTYPE document [
  <!ENTITY project SYSTEM "project.xml">
]>
<document url="http.html">

  &project;

  <properties>
    <author email="craigmcc@apache.org">Craig R. McClanahan</author>
    <author email="yoavs@apache.org">Yoav Shapira</author>
    <title>The HTTP Connector</title>
  </properties>

<body>

<section name="Table of Contents">
<toc/>
</section>

<section name="Introduction">

  <p>The <strong>HTTP Connector</strong> element represents a
  <strong>Connector</strong> component that supports the HTTP/1.1 protocol.
  It enables Catalina to function as a stand-alone web server, in addition
  to its ability to execute servlets and JSP pages.  A particular instance
  of this component listens for connections on a specific TCP port number
  on the server.  One or more such <strong>Connectors</strong> can be
  configured as part of a single <a href="service.html">Service</a>, each
  forwarding to the associated <a href="engine.html">Engine</a> to perform
  request processing and create the response.</p>

  <p>If you wish to configure the <strong>Connector</strong> that is used
  for connections to web servers using the AJP protocol (such as the
  <code>mod_jk 1.2.x</code> connector for Apache 1.3), please refer to the
  <a href="ajp.html">AJP Connector</a> documentation.</p>

  <p>Each incoming request requires
  a thread for the duration of that request.  If more simultaneous requests
  are received than can be handled by the currently available request
  processing threads, additional threads will be created up to the
  configured maximum (the value of the <code>maxThreads</code> attribute).
  If still more simultaneous requests are received, they are stacked up
  inside the server socket created by the <strong>Connector</strong>, up to
  the configured maximum (the value of the <code>acceptCount</code>
  attribute).  Any further simultaneous requests will receive "connection
  refused" errors, until resources are available to process them.</p>

</section>


<section name="Attributes">

  <subsection name="Common Attributes">

  <p>All implementations of <strong>Connector</strong>
  support the following attributes:</p>

  <attributes>

    <attribute name="allowTrace" required="false">
      <p>A boolean value which can be used to enable or disable the TRACE
      HTTP method. If not specified, this attribute is set to false.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="asyncTimeout" required="false">
      <p>The default timeout for asynchronous requests in milliseconds. If not
      specified, this attribute is set to 10000 (10 seconds).</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="enableLookups" required="false">
      <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want calls to
      <code>request.getRemoteHost()</code> to perform DNS lookups in
      order to return the actual host name of the remote client.  Set
      to <code>false</code> to skip the DNS lookup and return the IP
      address in String form instead (thereby improving performance).
      By default, DNS lookups are disabled.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="maxHeaderCount" required="false">
      <p>The maximum number of headers in a request that are allowed by the
      container. A request that contains more headers than the specified limit
      will be rejected. A value of less than 0 means no limit.
      If not specified, a default of 100 is used.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="maxParameterCount" required="false">
      <p>The maximum number of parameter and value pairs (GET plus POST) which
      will be automatically parsed by the container. Parameter and value pairs
      beyond this limit will be ignored. A value of less than 0 means no limit.
      If not specified, a default of 10000 is used. Note that
      <code>FailedRequestFilter</code> <a href="filter.html">filter</a> can be
      used to reject requests that hit the limit.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="maxPostSize" required="false">
      <p>The maximum size in bytes of the POST which will be handled by
      the container FORM URL parameter parsing. The limit can be disabled by
      setting this attribute to a value less than or equal to 0.
      If not specified, this attribute is set to 2097152 (2 megabytes).</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="maxSavePostSize" required="false">
      <p>The maximum size in bytes of the POST which will be saved/buffered by
      the container during FORM or CLIENT-CERT authentication. For both types
      of authentication, the POST will be saved/buffered before the user is
      authenticated. For CLIENT-CERT authentication, the POST is buffered for
      the duration of the SSL handshake and the buffer emptied when the request
      is processed. For FORM authentication the POST is saved whilst the user
      is re-directed to the login form and is retained until the user
      successfully authenticates or the session associated with the
      authentication request expires. The limit can be disabled by setting this
      attribute to -1. Setting the attribute to zero will disable the saving of
      POST data during authentication. If not specified, this attribute is set
      to 4096 (4 kilobytes).</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="parseBodyMethods" required="false">
      <p>A comma-separated list of HTTP methods for which request
      bodies will be parsed for request parameters identically
      to POST. This is useful in RESTful applications that want to
      support POST-style semantics for PUT requests.
      Note that any setting other than <code>POST</code> causes Tomcat
      to behave in a way that goes against the intent of the servlet
      specification.
      The HTTP method TRACE is specifically forbidden here in accordance
      with the HTTP specification.
      The default is <code>POST</code></p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="port" required="true">
      <p>The TCP port number on which this <strong>Connector</strong>
      will create a server socket and await incoming connections.  Your
      operating system will allow only one server application to listen
      to a particular port number on a particular IP address. If the special
      value of 0 (zero) is used, then Tomcat will select a free port at random
      to use for this connector. This is typically only useful in embedded and
      testing applications.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="protocol" required="false">
      <p>Sets the protocol to handle incoming traffic. The default value is
        <code>HTTP/1.1</code> which uses an auto-switching mechanism to select
        either a blocking Java based connector or an APR/native based connector.
        If the <code>PATH</code> (Windows) or <code>LD_LIBRARY_PATH</code> (on
        most unix systems) environment variables contain the Tomcat native
        library, the APR/native connector will be used. If the native library
        cannot be found, the blocking Java based connector will be used. Note
        that the APR/native connector has different settings for HTTPS than the
        Java connectors.<br/>
        To use an explicit protocol rather than rely on the auto-switching
        mechanism described above, the following values may be used:<br/>
        <code>org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol</code> -
              blocking Java connector<br/>
        <code>org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol</code> -
              non blocking Java connector<br/>
        <code>org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol</code> -
              the APR/native connector.<br/>
        Custom implementations may also be used.<br/>
        Take a look at our <a href="#Connector Comparison">Connector
        Comparison</a> chart. The configuration for both Java connectors is
        identical, for http and https.<br/>
        For more information on the APR connector and APR specific SSL settings
        please  visit the <a href="../apr.html">APR documentation</a>
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="proxyName" required="false">
      <p>If this <strong>Connector</strong> is being used in a proxy
      configuration, configure this attribute to specify the server name
      to be returned for calls to <code>request.getServerName()</code>.
      See <a href="#Proxy Support">Proxy Support</a> for more
      information.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="proxyPort" required="false">
      <p>If this <strong>Connector</strong> is being used in a proxy
      configuration, configure this attribute to specify the server port
      to be returned for calls to <code>request.getServerPort()</code>.
      See <a href="#Proxy Support">Proxy Support</a> for more
      information.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="redirectPort" required="false">
      <p>If this <strong>Connector</strong> is supporting non-SSL
      requests, and a request is received for which a matching
      <code>&lt;security-constraint&gt;</code> requires SSL transport,
      Catalina will automatically redirect the request to the port
      number specified here.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="scheme" required="false">
      <p>Set this attribute to the name of the protocol you wish to have
      returned by calls to <code>request.getScheme()</code>.  For
      example, you would set this attribute to "<code>https</code>"
      for an SSL Connector.  The default value is "<code>http</code>".
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="secure" required="false">
      <p>Set this attribute to <code>true</code> if you wish to have
      calls to <code>request.isSecure()</code> to return <code>true</code>
      for requests received by this Connector. You would want this on an
      SSL Connector or a non SSL connector that is receiving data from a
      SSL accelerator, like a crypto card, a SSL appliance or even a webserver.
      The default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="URIEncoding" required="false">
      <p>This specifies the character encoding used to decode the URI bytes,
      after %xx decoding the URL. If not specified, ISO-8859-1 will be used.
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="useBodyEncodingForURI" required="false">
      <p>This specifies if the encoding specified in contentType should be used
      for URI query parameters, instead of using the URIEncoding. This
      setting is present for compatibility with Tomcat 4.1.x, where the
      encoding specified in the contentType, or explicitly set using
      Request.setCharacterEncoding method was also used for the parameters from
      the URL. The default value is <code>false</code>.
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="useIPVHosts" required="false">
      <p>Set this attribute to <code>true</code> to cause Tomcat to use
      the IP address that the request was received on to determine the Host
      to send the request to.  The default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="xpoweredBy" required="false">
      <p>Set this attribute to <code>true</code> to cause Tomcat to advertise
      support for the Servlet specification using the header recommended in the
      specification.  The default value is <code>false</code>.</p>
    </attribute>

  </attributes>

  </subsection>

  <subsection name="Standard Implementation">

  <p>The standard HTTP connectors (BIO, NIO and APR/native) all support the
  following attributes in addition to the common Connector attributes listed
  above.</p>

  <attributes>

    <attribute name="acceptCount" required="false">
      <p>The maximum queue length for incoming connection requests when
      all possible request processing threads are in use.  Any requests
      received when the queue is full will be refused.  The default
      value is 100.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="acceptorThreadCount" required="false">
      <p>The number of threads to be used to accept connections. Increase this
      value on a multi CPU machine, although you would never really need more
      than <code>2</code>. Also, with a lot of non keep alive connections, you
      might want to increase this value as well. Default value is
      <code>1</code>.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="acceptorThreadPriority" required="false">
      <p>The priority of the acceptor threads. The threads used to accept
      new connections. The default value is
      <code>java.lang.Thread#NORM_PRIORITY</code>. See the JavaDoc for the
      java.lang.Thread class for more details on what this priority means.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="address" required="false">
      <p>For servers with more than one IP address, this attribute
      specifies which address will be used for listening on the specified
      port.  By default, this port will be used on all IP addresses
      associated with the server.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="bindOnInit" required="false">
      <p>Controls when the socket used by the connector is bound. By default it
      is bound when the connector is initiated and unbound when the connector is
      destroyed. If set to <code>false</code>, the socket will be bound when the
      connector is started and unbound when it is stopped.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="compressableMimeType" required="false">
      <p>The value is a comma separated list of MIME types for which HTTP
      compression may be used.
      The default value is <code>text/html,text/xml,text/plain</code>.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="compression" required="false">
      <p>The <strong>Connector</strong> may use HTTP/1.1 GZIP compression in
      an attempt to save server bandwidth. The acceptable values for the
      parameter is "off" (disable compression), "on" (allow compression, which
      causes text data to be compressed), "force" (forces compression in all
      cases), or a numerical integer value (which is equivalent to "on", but
      specifies the minimum amount of data before the output is compressed). If
      the content-length is not known and compression is set to "on" or more
      aggressive, the output will also be compressed. If not specified, this
      attribute is set to "off".</p>
      <p><em>Note</em>: There is a tradeoff between using compression (saving
      your bandwidth) and using the sendfile feature (saving your CPU cycles).
      If the connector supports the sendfile feature, e.g. the NIO connector,
      using sendfile will take precedence over compression. The symptoms will
      be that static files greater that 48 Kb will be sent uncompressed.
      You can turn off sendfile by setting <code>useSendfile</code> attribute
      of the connector, as documented below, or change the sendfile usage
      threshold in the configuration of the
      <a href="../default-servlet.html">DefaultServlet</a> in the default
      <code>conf/web.xml</code> or in the <code>web.xml</code> of your web
      application.
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="compressionMinSize" required="false">
      <p>If <strong>compression</strong> is set to "on" then this attribute
      may be used to specify the minimum amount of data before the output is
      compressed. If not specified, this attribute is defaults to "2048".</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="connectionLinger" required="false">
      <p>The number of seconds during which the sockets used by this
      <strong>Connector</strong> will linger when they are closed.
      If not specified, the JVM default will be used.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="connectionTimeout" required="false">
      <p>The number of milliseconds this <strong>Connector</strong> will wait,
      after accepting a connection, for the request URI line to be
      presented. Use a value of -1 to indicate no (i.e. infinite) timeout.
      The default value is 60000 (i.e. 60 seconds) but note that the standard
      server.xml that ships with Tomcat sets this to 20000 (i.e. 20 seconds).
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="connectionUploadTimeout" required="false">
      <p>Specifies the timeout, in milliseconds, to use while a data upload is
      in progress. This only takes effect if
      <strong>disableUploadTimeout</strong> is set to <code>false</code>.
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="disableUploadTimeout" required="false">
      <p>This flag allows the servlet container to use a different, usually
      longer connection timeout during data upload. If not specified, this
      attribute is set to <code>true</code> which disables this longer timeout.
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="executor" required="false">
      <p>A reference to the name in an <a href="executor.html">Executor</a>
      element. If this attribute is set, and the named executor exists, the
      connector will use the executor, and all the other thread attributes will
      be ignored. Note that if a shared executor is not specified for a
      connector then the connector will use a private, internal executor to
      provide the thread pool.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="keepAliveTimeout" required="false">
      <p>The number of milliseconds this <strong>Connector</strong> will wait
      for another HTTP request before closing the connection. The default value
      is to use the value that has been set for the
      <strong>connectionTimeout</strong> attribute.
      Use a value of -1 to indicate no (i.e. infinite) timeout.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="maxConnections" required="false">
      <p>The maximum number of connections that the server will accept and
      process at any given time. When this number has been reached, the server
      will not accept any more connections until the number of connections
      falls below this value. The operating system may still accept
      connections based on the <code>acceptCount</code> setting. Default value
      varies by connector type. For BIO the default is the value of
      <strong>maxThreads</strong> unless an <a href="executor.html">Executor</a>
      is used in which case the default will be the value of maxThreads from the
      executor. For NIO the default is <code>10000</code>.
      For APR/native, the default is <code>8192</code>.</p>
      <p>Note that for APR/native on Windows, the configured value will be
      reduced to the highest multiple of 1024 that is less than or equal to
      maxConnections. This is done for performance reasons.<br/>
      If set to a value of -1, the maxConnections feature is disabled 
      and connections are not counted.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="maxHttpHeaderSize" required="false">
      <p>The maximum size of the request and response HTTP header, specified
      in bytes. If not specified, this attribute is set to 8192 (8 KB).</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="maxKeepAliveRequests" required="false">
      <p>The maximum number of HTTP requests which can be pipelined until
      the connection is closed by the server. Setting this attribute to 1 will
      disable HTTP/1.0 keep-alive, as well as HTTP/1.1 keep-alive and
      pipelining. Setting this to -1 will allow an unlimited amount of
      pipelined or keep-alive HTTP requests.
      If not specified, this attribute is set to 100.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="maxThreads" required="false">
      <p>The maximum number of request processing threads to be created
      by this <strong>Connector</strong>, which therefore determines the
      maximum number of simultaneous requests that can be handled.  If
      not specified, this attribute is set to 200. If an executor is associated
      with this connector, this attribute is ignored as the connector will
      execute tasks using the executor rather than an internal thread pool.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="maxTrailerSize" required="false">
      <p>Limits the total length of trailing headers in the last chunk of
      a chunked HTTP request. If the value is <code>-1</code>, no limit will be
      imposed. If not specified, the default value of <code>8192</code> will be
      used.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="minSpareThreads" required="false">
      <p>The minimum number of threads always kept running. If not specified,
      the default of <code>10</code> is used.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="noCompressionUserAgents" required="false">
      <p>The value is a regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>)
      matching the <code>user-agent</code> header of HTTP clients for which
      compression should not be used,
      because these clients, although they do advertise support for the
      feature, have a broken implementation.
      The default value is an empty String (regexp matching disabled).</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="processorCache" required="false">
      <p>The protocol handler caches Processor objects to speed up performance.
      This setting dictates how many of these objects get cached.
      <code>-1</code> means unlimited, default is <code>200</code>. If not using
      Servlet 3.0 asynchronous processing, a good default is to use the same as
      the maxThreads setting. If using Servlet 3.0 asynchronous processing, a
      good default is to use the larger of maxThreads and the maximum number of
      expected concurrent requests (synchronous and asynchronous).</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="restrictedUserAgents" required="false">
      <p>The value is a regular expression (using <code>java.util.regex</code>) matching
      matching the <code>user-agent</code> header of HTTP clients for which
      HTTP/1.1 or HTTP/1.0 keep alive should not be used, even if the clients
      advertise support for these features.
      The default value is an empty String (regexp matching disabled).</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="server" required="false">
      <p>Overrides the Server header for the http response. If set, the value
      for this attribute overrides the Tomcat default and any Server header set
      by a web application. If not set, any value specified by the application
      is used. If the application does not specify a value then
      <code>Apache-Coyote/1.1</code> is used. Unless you are paranoid, you won't
      need this feature.
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="socketBuffer" required="false">
      <p>The size (in bytes) of the buffer to be provided for socket
      output buffering. -1 can be specified to disable the use of a buffer.
      By default, a buffers of 9000 bytes will be used.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLEnabled" required="false">
      <p>Use this attribute to enable SSL traffic on a connector.
      To turn on SSL handshake/encryption/decryption on a connector
      set this value to <code>true</code>.
      The default value is <code>false</code>.
      When turning this value <code>true</code> you will want to set the
      <code>scheme</code> and the <code>secure</code> attributes as well
      to pass the correct <code>request.getScheme()</code> and
      <code>request.isSecure()</code> values to the servlets
      See <a href="#SSL Support">SSL Support</a> for more information.
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="tcpNoDelay" required="false">
      <p>If set to <code>true</code>, the TCP_NO_DELAY option will be
      set on the server socket, which improves performance under most
      circumstances.  This is set to <code>true</code> by default.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="threadPriority" required="false">
      <p>The priority of the request processing threads within the JVM.
      The default value is <code>java.lang.Thread#NORM_PRIORITY</code>.
      See the JavaDoc for the java.lang.Thread class for more details on
      what this priority means.
      </p>
    </attribute>

  </attributes>

  </subsection>

  <subsection name="Java TCP socket attributes">

    <p>The BIO and NIO implementation support the following Java TCP socket
    attributes in addition to the common Connector and HTTP attributes listed
    above.</p>

    <attributes>
      <attribute name="socket.rxBufSize" required="false">
        <p>(int)The socket receive buffer (SO_RCVBUF) size in bytes. JVM default
        used if not set.</p>
      </attribute>
      <attribute name="socket.txBufSize" required="false">
        <p>(int)The socket send buffer (SO_SNDBUF) size in bytes. JVM default
        used if not set.</p>
      </attribute>
      <attribute name="socket.tcpNoDelay" required="false">
        <p>(bool)This is equivalent to standard attribute
        <strong>tcpNoDelay</strong>.</p>
      </attribute>
      <attribute name="socket.soKeepAlive" required="false">
        <p>(bool)Boolean value for the socket's keep alive setting
        (SO_KEEPALIVE). JVM default used if not set.</p>
      </attribute>
      <attribute name="socket.ooBInline" required="false">
        <p>(bool)Boolean value for the socket OOBINLINE setting. JVM default
        used if not set.</p>
      </attribute>
      <attribute name="socket.soReuseAddress" required="false">
        <p>(bool)Boolean value for the sockets reuse address option
        (SO_REUSEADDR). JVM default used if not set.</p>
      </attribute>
      <attribute name="socket.soLingerOn" required="false">
        <p>(bool)Boolean value for the sockets so linger option (SO_LINGER).
        A value for the standard attribute <strong>connectionLinger</strong>
        that is &gt;=0 is equivalent to setting this to <code>true</code>.
        A value for the standard attribute <strong>connectionLinger</strong>
        that is &lt;0 is equivalent to setting this to <code>false</code>.
        Both this attribute and <code>soLingerTime</code> must be set else the
        JVM defaults will be used for both.</p>
      </attribute>
      <attribute name="socket.soLingerTime" required="false">
        <p>(int)Value in seconds for the sockets so linger option (SO_LINGER).
        This is equivalent to standard attribute
        <strong>connectionLinger</strong>.
        Both this attribute and <code>soLingerOn</code> must be set else the
        JVM defaults will be used for both.</p>
      </attribute>
      <attribute name="socket.soTimeout" required="false">
        <p>This is equivalent to standard attribute
        <strong>connectionTimeout</strong>.</p>
      </attribute>
      <attribute name="socket.performanceConnectionTime" required="false">
        <p>(int)The first value for the performance settings. See
        <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/Socket.html#setPerformancePreferences(int,%20int,%20int)">Socket Performance Options</a>
        All three performance attributes must be set else the JVM defaults will
        be used for all three.</p>
      </attribute>
      <attribute name="socket.performanceLatency" required="false">
        <p>(int)The second value for the performance settings. See
        <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/Socket.html#setPerformancePreferences(int,%20int,%20int)">Socket Performance Options</a>
        All three performance attributes must be set else the JVM defaults will
        be used for all three.</p>
      </attribute>
      <attribute name="socket.performanceBandwidth" required="false">
        <p>(int)The third value for the performance settings. See
        <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/net/Socket.html#setPerformancePreferences(int,%20int,%20int)">Socket Performance Options</a>
        All three performance attributes must be set else the JVM defaults will
        be used for all three.</p>
      </attribute>
      <attribute name="socket.unlockTimeout" required="false">
        <p>(int) The timeout for a socket unlock. When a connector is stopped, it will try to release the acceptor thread by opening a connector to itself.
           The default value is <code>250</code> and the value is in milliseconds</p>
      </attribute>
    </attributes>
  </subsection>

  <subsection name="BIO specific configuration">

    <p>The following attributes are specific to the BIO connector.</p>

    <attributes>

      <attribute name="disableKeepAlivePercentage" required="false">
        <p>The percentage of processing threads that have to be in use before
        HTTP keep-alives are disabled to improve scalability. Values less than
        <code>0</code> will be changed to <code>0</code> and values greater than
        <code>100</code> will be changed to <code>100</code>. If not specified,
        the default value is <code>75</code>.</p>
      </attribute>

    </attributes>

  </subsection>

  <subsection name="NIO specific configuration">

    <p>The following attributes are specific to the NIO connector.</p>

    <attributes>

      <attribute name="pollerThreadCount" required="false">
        <p>(int)The number of threads to be used to run for the polling events.
        Default value is <code>1</code> per processor up to and including version 7.0.27.
        Default value as of version 7.0.28 is <code>1</code> per processor but not more than 2.<br/>
        When accepting a socket, the operating system holds a global lock. So the benefit of 
        going above 2 threads diminishes rapidly. Having more than one thread is for 
        system that need to accept connections very rapidly. However usually just 
        increasing <code>acceptCount</code> will solve that problem. 
        Increasing this value may also be beneficial when a large amount of send file 
        operations are going on.
        </p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="pollerThreadPriority" required="false">
        <p>(int)The priority of the poller threads. The default value is
        <code>java.lang.Thread#NORM_PRIORITY</code>. See the JavaDoc for the
        java.lang.Thread class for more details on what this priority means.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="selectorTimeout" required="false">
        <p>(int)The time in milliseconds to timeout on a select() for the
        poller. This value is important, since connection clean up is done on
        the same thread, so do not set this value to an extremely high one. The
        default value is <code>1000</code> milliseconds.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="useComet" required="false">
        <p>(bool)Whether to allow comet servlets or not. Default value is
        <code>true</code>.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="useSendfile" required="false">
        <p>(bool)Use this attribute to enable or disable sendfile capability.
        The default value is <code>true</code>.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="socket.directBuffer" required="false">
        <p>(bool)Boolean value, whether to use direct ByteBuffers or java mapped
        ByteBuffers. Default is <code>false</code>.<br/>
        When you are using direct buffers, make sure you allocate the
        appropriate amount of memory for the direct memory space. On Sun's JDK
        that would be something like <code>-XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=256m</code>.
        </p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="socket.appReadBufSize" required="false">
        <p>(int)Each connection that is opened up in Tomcat get associated with
        a read ByteBuffer. This attribute controls the size of this buffer. By
        default this read buffer is sized at <code>8192</code> bytes. For lower
        concurrency, you can increase this to buffer more data. For an extreme
        amount of keep alive connections, decrease this number or increase your
        heap size.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="socket.appWriteBufSize" required="false">
        <p>(int)Each connection that is opened up in Tomcat get associated with
        a write ByteBuffer. This attribute controls the size of this buffer. By
        default this write buffer is sized at <code>8192</code> bytes. For low
        concurrency you can increase this to buffer more response data. For an
        extreme amount of keep alive connections, decrease this number or
        increase your heap size.<br/>
        The default value here is pretty low, you should up it if you are not
        dealing with tens of thousands concurrent connections.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="socket.bufferPool" required="false">
        <p>(int)The NIO connector uses a class called NioChannel that holds
        elements linked to a socket. To reduce garbage collection, the NIO
        connector caches these channel objects. This value specifies the size of
        this cache. The default value is <code>500</code>, and represents that
        the cache will hold 500 NioChannel objects. Other values are
        <code>-1</code> for unlimited cache and <code>0</code> for no cache.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="socket.bufferPoolSize" required="false">
        <p>(int)The NioChannel pool can also be size based, not used object
        based. The size is calculated as follows:<br/>
        NioChannel
        <code>buffer size = read buffer size + write buffer size</code><br/>
        SecureNioChannel <code>buffer size = application read buffer size +
        application write buffer size + network read buffer size +
        network write buffer size</code><br/>
        The value is in bytes, the default value is <code>1024*1024*100</code>
        (100MB).</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="socket.processorCache" required="false">
        <p>(int)Tomcat will cache SocketProcessor objects to reduce garbage
        collection. The integer value specifies how many objects to keep in the
        cache at most. The default is <code>500</code>. Other values are
        <code>-1</code> for unlimited cache and <code>0</code> for no cache.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="socket.keyCache" required="false">
        <p>(int)Tomcat will cache KeyAttachment objects to reduce garbage
        collection. The integer value specifies how many objects to keep in the
        cache at most. The default is <code>500</code>. Other values are
        <code>-1</code> for unlimited cache and <code>0</code> for no cache.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="socket.eventCache" required="false">
        <p>(int)Tomcat will cache PollerEvent objects to reduce garbage
        collection. The integer value specifies how many objects to keep in the
        cache at most. The default is <code>500</code>. Other values are
        <code>-1</code> for unlimited cache and <code>0</code> for no cache.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="selectorPool.maxSelectors" required="false">
        <p>(int)The max selectors to be used in the pool, to reduce selector
        contention. Use this option when the command line
        <code>org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorShared</code> value is set
        to false. Default value is <code>200</code>.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="selectorPool.maxSpareSelectors" required="false">
        <p>(int)The max spare selectors to be used in the pool, to reduce
        selector contention. When a selector is returned to the pool, the system
        can decide to keep it or let it be GC'd. Use this option when the
        command line <code>org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorShared</code>
        value is set to false. Default value is <code>-1</code> (unlimited).</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="command-line-options" required="false">
        <p>The following command line options are available for the NIO
        connector:<br/>
        <code>-Dorg.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorShared=true|false</code>
        - default is <code>true</code>. Set this value to <code>false</code> if you wish to
        use a selector for each thread. When you set it to <code>false</code>, you can
        control the size of the pool of selectors by using the
        <strong>selectorPool.maxSelectors</strong> attribute.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="oomParachute" required="false">
        <p>(int)The NIO connector implements an OutOfMemoryError strategy called
        parachute. It holds a chunk of data as a byte array. In case of an OOM,
        this chunk of data is released and the error is reported. This will give
        the VM enough room to clean up. The <code>oomParachute</code> represents
        the size in bytes of the parachute(the byte array). The default value is
        <code>1024*1024</code>(1MB). Please note, this only works for OOM errors
        regarding the Java Heap space, and there is absolutely no  guarantee
        that you will be able to recover at all. If you have an OOM outside of
        the Java Heap, then this parachute trick will not help.
        </p>
      </attribute>
    </attributes>
  </subsection>

  <subsection name="APR/native specific configuration">

    <p>The following attributes are specific to the APR/native connector.</p>

    <attributes>

      <attribute name="deferAccept" required="false">
        <p>Sets the <code>TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT</code> flag on the listening socket
        for this connector. The default value is <code>true</code> where
        <code>TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT</code> is supported by the operating system,
        otherwise it is <code>false</code>.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="pollerSize" required="false">
        <p>Amount of sockets that the poller responsible for polling kept alive
        connections can hold at a given time. Extra connections will be closed
        right away. The default value is 8192, corresponding to 8192 keep-alive
        connections. This is a synonym for maxConnections.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="pollerThreadCount" required="false">
        <p>Number of threads used to poll kept alive connections. On Windows the
        default is chosen so that the sockets managed by each thread is
        less than 1024. For Linux the default is 1. Changing the default on
        Windows is likely to have a negative performance impact.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="pollTime" required="false">
        <p>Duration of a poll call in microseconds. Lowering this value will
        slightly decrease latency of connections being kept alive in some cases,
        but will use more CPU as more poll calls are being made. The default
        value is 2000 (2ms).</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="sendfileSize" required="false">
        <p>Amount of sockets that the poller responsible for sending static
        files asynchronously can hold at a given time. Extra connections will be
        closed right away without any data being sent (resulting in a zero
        length file on the client side). Note that in most cases, sendfile is a
        call that will return right away (being taken care of "synchronously" by
        the kernel), and the sendfile poller will not be used, so the amount of
        static files which can be sent concurrently is much larger than the
        specified amount. The default value is 1024.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="sendfileThreadCount" required="false">
        <p>Number of threads used service sendfile sockets. On Windows the
        default is chosen so that the sockets managed by each thread is
        less than 1024. For Linux the default is 1. Changing the default on
        Windows is likely to have a negative performance impact.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="threadPriority" required="false">
        <p>(int)The priority of the acceptor and poller threads. The default
        value is <code>java.lang.Thread#NORM_PRIORITY</code>. See the JavaDoc
        for the java.lang.Thread class for more details on what this priority
        means.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="useComet" required="false">
        <p>(bool)Whether to allow comet servlets or not. Default value is
        <code>true</code>.</p>
      </attribute>

      <attribute name="useSendfile" required="false">
        <p>(bool)Use this attribute to enable or disable sendfile capability.
        The default value is <code>true</code>.</p>
      </attribute>

    </attributes>

  </subsection>

</section>


<section name="Nested Components">

  <p>None at this time.</p>

</section>


<section name="Special Features">


  <subsection name="HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/1.0 Support">

  <p>This <strong>Connector</strong> supports all of the required features
  of the HTTP/1.1 protocol, as described in RFC 2616, including persistent
  connections, pipelining, expectations and chunked encoding.  If the client
  (typically a browser) supports only HTTP/1.0, the
  <strong>Connector</strong> will gracefully fall back to supporting this
  protocol as well.  No special configuration is required to enable this
  support. The <strong>Connector</strong> also supports HTTP/1.0
  keep-alive.</p>

  <p>RFC 2616 requires that HTTP servers always begin their responses with
  the highest HTTP version that they claim to support.  Therefore, this
  <strong>Connector</strong> will always return <code>HTTP/1.1</code> at
  the beginning of its responses.</p>

  </subsection>


  <subsection name="Proxy Support">

  <p>The <code>proxyName</code> and <code>proxyPort</code> attributes can
  be used when Tomcat is run behind a proxy server.  These attributes
  modify the values returned to web applications that call the
  <code>request.getServerName()</code> and <code>request.getServerPort()</code>
  methods, which are often used to construct absolute URLs for redirects.
  Without configuring these attributes, the values returned would reflect
  the server name and port on which the connection from the proxy server
  was received, rather than the server name and port to whom the client
  directed the original request.</p>

  <p>For more information, see the
  <a href="../proxy-howto.html">Proxy Support HOW-TO</a>.</p>

  </subsection>



  <subsection name="SSL Support">

  <p>You can enable SSL support for a particular instance of this
  <strong>Connector</strong> by setting the <code>SSLEnabled</code> attribute to
  <code>true</code>.</p>

  <p>You will also need to set the <code>scheme</code> and <code>secure</code>
  attributes to the values <code>https</code> and <code>true</code>
  respectively, to pass correct information to the servlets.</p>

  <p>The BIO and NIO connectors use the JSSE SSL whereas the APR/native
  connector uses OpenSSL. Therefore, in addition to using different attributes
  to configure SSL, the APR/native connector also requires keys and certificates
  to be provided in a different format.</p>

  <p>For more information, see the
  <a href="../ssl-howto.html">SSL Configuration HOW-TO</a>.</p>

  <subsection name="SSL Support - BIO and NIO">

  <p>The BIO and NIO connectors use the following attributes to configure SSL:
  </p>

  <attributes>

    <attribute name="algorithm" required="false">
      <p>The certificate encoding algorithm to be used. This defaults to
      <code>KeyManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()</code> which returns
      <code>SunX509</code> for Sun JVMs. IBM JVMs return
      <code>IbmX509</code>. For other vendors, consult the JVM
      documentation for the default value.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="allowUnsafeLegacyRenegotiation" required="false">
      <p>Is unsafe legacy TLS renegotiation allowed which is likely to expose
      users to CVE-2009-3555, a man-in-the-middle vulnerability in the TLS
      protocol that allows an attacker to inject arbitrary data into the user's
      request. If not specified, a default of <code>false</code> is used. This
      attribute only has an effect if the JVM does not support RFC 5746 as
      indicated by the presence of the pseudo-ciphersuite
      TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV. This is available JRE/JDK 6 update 22
      onwards. Where RFC 5746 is supported the renegotiation - including support
      for unsafe legacy renegotiation - is controlled by the JVM configuration.
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="ciphers" required="false">
      <p>The comma separated list of encryption ciphers that this socket is
      allowed to use. By default, the default ciphers for the JVM will be used.
      Note that this usually means that the weak export grade ciphers will be
      included in the list of available ciphers. The ciphers are specified using
      the JSSE cipher naming convention. The special value of <code>ALL</code>
      will enable all supported ciphers. This will include many that are not
      secure. <code>ALL</code> is intended for testing purposes only.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="clientAuth" required="false">
      <p>Set to <code>true</code> if you want the SSL stack to require a
      valid certificate chain from the client before accepting a connection.
      Set to <code>want</code> if you want the SSL stack to request a client
      Certificate, but not fail if one isn't presented. A <code>false</code>
      value (which is the default) will not require a certificate chain
      unless the client requests a resource protected by a security
      constraint that uses <code>CLIENT-CERT</code> authentication.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="clientCertProvider" required="false">
      <p>When client certificate information is presented in a form other than
      instances of <code>java.security.cert.X509Certificate</code> it needs to
      be converted before it can be used and this property controls which JSSE
      provider is used to perform the conversion. For example it is used with
      the <a href="ajp.html">AJP connectors</a>, the HTTP APR connector and
      with the <a href="valve.html#SSL_Authenticator_Valve">
      org.apache.catalina.valves.SSLValve</a>. If not specified, the default
      provider will be used.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="crlFile" required="false">
      <p>The certificate revocation list to be used to verify client
      certificates. If not defined, client certificates will not be checked
      against a certificate revocation list.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="keyAlias" required="false">
      <p>The alias used to for the server certificate in the keystore. If not
      specified the first key read in the keystore will be used.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="keyPass" required="false">
      <p>The password used to access the server certificate from the
      specified keystore file.  The default value is "<code>changeit</code>".
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="keystoreFile" required="false">
      <p>The pathname of the keystore file where you have stored the
      server certificate to be loaded.  By default, the pathname is
      the file "<code>.keystore</code>" in the operating system home
      directory of the user that is running Tomcat. If your
      <code>keystoreType</code> doesn't need a file use <code>""</code>
      (empty string) for this parameter.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="keystorePass" required="false">
      <p>The password used to access the specified keystore file. The default
      value is the value of the <code>keyPass</code> attribute.
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="keystoreProvider" required="false">
      <p>The name of the keystore provider to be used for the server
      certificate. If not specified, the list of registered providers is
      traversed in preference order and the first provider that supports the
      <code>keystoreType</code> is used.
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="keystoreType" required="false">
      <p>The type of keystore file to be used for the server certificate.
      If not specified, the default value is "<code>JKS</code>".</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="sessionCacheSize" required="false">
      <p>The number of SSL sessions to maintain in the session cache. Use 0 to
      specify an unlimited cache size. If not specified, a default of 0 is
      used.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="sessionTimeout" required="false">
      <p>The time, in seconds, after the creation of an SSL session that it will
      timeout. Use 0 to specify an unlimited timeout. If not specified, a
      default of 86400 (24 hours) is used.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="sslEnabledProtocols" required="false">
      <p>The list of SSL protocols to use. If not specified, the JVM default is
      used.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="sslImplementationName" required="false">
      <p>The class name of the SSL implementation to use. If not specified, the
      default of <code>org.apache.tomcat.util.net.jsse.JSSEImplementation</code>
      will be used which wraps JVM&apos;s default JSSE provider. Note that the
      JVM can be configured to use a different JSSE provider as the default.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="sslProtocol" required="false">
      <p>The version of the SSL protocol to use.  If not specified,
      the default is "<code>TLS</code>".</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="trustManagerClassName" required="false">
      <p>The name of a custom trust manager class to use to validate client
      certificates. The class must have a zero argument constructor and must
      also implement <code>javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager</code>. If this
      attribute is set, the trust store attributes may be ignored.
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="trustMaxCertLength" required="false">
      <p>The maximum number of intermediate certificates that will be allowed
      when validating client certificates. If not specified, the default value
      of 5 will be used.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="truststoreAlgorithm" required="false">
      <p>The algorithm to use for truststore. If not specified, the default
      value returned by
      <code>javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()</code> is
      used.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="truststoreFile" required="false">
      <p>The trust store file to use to validate client certificates. The
      default is the value of the <code>javax.net.ssl.trustStore</code> system
      property. If neither this attribute nor the default system property is
      set, no trust store will be configured.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="truststorePass" required="false">
      <p>The password to access the trust store. The default is the value of the
      <code>javax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword</code> system property. If that
      property is null, no trust store password will be configured. If an
      invalid trust store password is specified, a warning will be logged and an
      attempt will be made to access the trust store without a password which
      will skip validation of the trust store contents.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="truststoreProvider" required="false">
      <p>The name of the truststore provider to be used for the server
      certificate. The default is the value of the
      <code>javax.net.ssl.trustStoreProvider</code> system property. If
      that property is null, the value of <code>keystoreProvider</code> is used
      as the default. If neither this attribute, the default system property nor
      <code>keystoreProvider</code>is set, the list of registered providers is
      traversed in preference order and the first provider that supports the
      <code>truststoreType</code> is used.
      </p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="truststoreType" required="false">
      <p>The type of key store used for the trust store. The default is the
      value of the <code>javax.net.ssl.trustStoreType</code> system property. If
      that property is null, the value of <code>keystoreType</code> is used as
      the default.</p>
     </attribute>

  </attributes>

  </subsection>

  <subsection name="SSL Support - APR/Native">

  <p>When APR/native is enabled, the HTTPS connector will use a socket poller
  for keep-alive, increasing scalability of the server. It also uses OpenSSL,
  which may be more optimized than JSSE depending on the processor being used,
  and can be complemented with many commercial accelerator components. Unlike
  the HTTP connector, the HTTPS connector cannot use sendfile to optimize static
  file processing.</p>

  <p>The HTTPS APR/native connector has the same attributes than the HTTP
  APR/native connector, but adds OpenSSL specific ones. For the full details on
  using OpenSSL, please refer to OpenSSL documentations and the many books
  available for it (see the <a href="http://www.openssl.org">Official OpenSSL
  website</a>). The SSL specific attributes for the APR/native connector are:
  </p>

  <attributes>

    <attribute name="SSLCACertificateFile" required="false">
      <p>See <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ssl.html#sslcacertificatefile">
      the mod_ssl documentation</a>.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLCACertificatePath" required="false">
      <p>See <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ssl.html#sslcacertificatepath">
      the mod_ssl documentation</a>.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLCARevocationFile" required="false">
      <p>See <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ssl.html#sslcarevocationfile">
      the mod_ssl documentation</a>.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLCARevocationPath" required="false">
      <p>See <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ssl.html#sslcarevocationpath">
      the mod_ssl documentation</a>.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLCertificateChainFile" required="false">
      <p>See <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_ssl.html#sslcertificatechainfile">
      the mod_ssl documentation</a>.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLCACertificateFile" required="false">
      <p>Name of the file that contains the concatenated certificates for the
      trusted certificate authorities. The format is PEM-encoded.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLCACertificatePath" required="false">
      <p>Name of the directory that contains the certificates for the trusted
      certificate authorities. The format is PEM-encoded.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLCARevocationFile" required="false">
      <p>Name of the file that contains the concatenated certificate revocation
      lists for the certificate authorities. The format is PEM-encoded.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLCARevocationPath" required="false">
      <p>Name of the directory that contains the certificate revocation lists
      for the certificate authorities. The format is PEM-encoded.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLCertificateChainFile" required="false">
      <p>Name of the file that contains concatenated certifcates for the
      certificate authorities which form the certifcate chain for the server
      certificate. The format is PEM-encoded.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLCertificateFile" required="true">
      <p>Name of the file that contains the server certificate. The format is
      PEM-encoded.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLCertificateKeyFile" required="false">
      <p>Name of the file that contains the server private key. The format is
      PEM-encoded. The default value is the value of "SSLCertificateFile" and in
      this case both certificate and private key have to be in this file (NOT
      RECOMMENDED).</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLCipherSuite" required="false">
      <p>Ciphers which may be used for communicating with clients. The default
      is "ALL", with other acceptable values being a list of ciphers, with ":"
      used as the delimiter (see OpenSSL documentation for the list of ciphers
      supported).</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLHonorCipherOrder" required="false">
      <p>Set to <code>true</code> to enforce the server's cipher order
      (from the <code>SSLCipherSuite</code> setting) instead of allowing
      the client to choose the cipher (which is the default).</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLPassword" required="false">
      <p>Pass phrase for the encrypted private key. If "SSLPassword" is not
      provided, the callback function should prompt for the pass phrase.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLProtocol" required="false">
      <p>Protocol which may be used for communicating with clients. The default
      value is <code>all</code>, which is equivalent to <code>SSLv3+TLSv1</code>
      with other acceptable values being <code>SSLv2</code>,
      <code>SSLv3</code>, <code>TLSv1</code> and any combination of the three
      protocols concatenated with a plus sign. Note that the protocol
      <code>SSLv2</code> is inherently unsafe.</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLVerifyClient" required="false">
      <p>Ask client for certificate. The default is "none", meaning the client
      will not have the opportunity to submit a certificate. Other acceptable
      values include "optional", "require" and "optionalNoCA".</p>
    </attribute>

    <attribute name="SSLVerifyDepth" required="false">
      <p>Maximum verification depth for client certificates. The default is
      "10".</p>
    </attribute>

  </attributes>

  </subsection>

  </subsection>
  <subsection name="Connector Comparison">

    <p>Below is a small chart that shows how the connectors differentiate.</p>
    <source>
                       Java Blocking Connector   Java Non Blocking Connector   APR/native Connector
                                 BIO                         NIO                       APR
    Classname              Http11Protocol             Http11NioProtocol         Http11AprProtocol
    Tomcat Version           3.x onwards                 6.x onwards              5.5.x onwards
    Support Polling              NO                          YES                       YES
    Polling Size                 N/A                   maxConnections             maxConnections
    Read HTTP Request         Blocking                  Non Blocking                 Blocking
    Read HTTP Body            Blocking                  Sim Blocking                 Blocking
    Write HTTP Response       Blocking                  Sim Blocking                 Blocking
    Wait for next Request     Blocking                  Non Blocking               Non Blocking
    SSL Support               Java SSL                    Java SSL                   OpenSSL
    SSL Handshake             Blocking                  Non blocking                 Blocking
    Max Connections        maxConnections              maxConnections             maxConnections


    </source>

  </subsection>
</section>


</body>

</document>
