/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) OSGi Alliance (2007, 2008). All Rights Reserved.
 * 
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.camel.impl.osgi.tracker;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Abstract class to track items. If a Tracker is reused (closed then reopened),
 * then a new AbstractTracked object is used. This class acts a map of tracked
 * item -> customized object. Subclasses of this class will act as the listener
 * object for the tracker. This class is used to synchronize access to the
 * tracked items. This is not a public class. It is only for use by the
 * implementation of the Tracker class.
 * 
 * @ThreadSafe
 * @version 
 * @since 1.4
 */
abstract class AbstractTracked {
    /* set this to true to compile in debug messages */
    static final boolean DEBUG = false;
    
    /**
     * true if the tracked object is closed. This field is volatile because it
     * is set by one thread and read by another.
     */
    volatile boolean closed;

    /**
     * Map of tracked items to customized objects.
     * 
     * @GuardedBy this
     */
    private final Map<Object, Object> tracked;

    /**
     * Modification count. This field is initialized to zero and incremented by
     * modified.
     * 
     * @GuardedBy this
     */
    private int trackingCount;

    /**
     * List of items in the process of being added. This is used to deal with
     * nesting of events. Since events may be synchronously delivered, events
     * can be nested. For example, when processing the adding of a service and
     * the customizer causes the service to be unregistered, notification to the
     * nested call to untrack that the service was unregistered can be made to
     * the track method. Since the ArrayList implementation is not synchronized,
     * all access to this list must be protected by the same synchronized object
     * for thread-safety.
     * 
     * @GuardedBy this
     */
    private final List<Object> adding;    

    /**
     * Initial list of items for the tracker. This is used to correctly process
     * the initial items which could be modified before they are tracked. This
     * is necessary since the initial set of tracked items are not "announced"
     * by events and therefore the event which makes the item untracked could be
     * delivered before we track the item. An item must not be in both the
     * initial and adding lists at the same time. An item must be moved from the
     * initial list to the adding list "atomically" before we begin tracking it.
     * Since the LinkedList implementation is not synchronized, all access to
     * this list must be protected by the same synchronized object for
     * thread-safety.
     * 
     * @GuardedBy this
     */
    private final LinkedList<Object> initial;

    /**
     * AbstractTracked constructor.
     */
    AbstractTracked() {
        tracked = new HashMap<Object, Object>();
        trackingCount = 0;
        adding = new ArrayList<Object>(6);
        initial = new LinkedList<Object>();
        closed = false;
    }

    /**
     * Set initial list of items into tracker before events begin to be
     * received. This method must be called from Tracker's open method while
     * synchronized on this object in the same synchronized block as the add
     * listener call.
     * 
     * @param list The initial list of items to be tracked. <code>null</code>
     *            entries in the list are ignored.
     * @GuardedBy this
     */
    void setInitial(Object[] list) {
        if (list == null) {
            return;
        }
        int size = list.length;
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            Object item = list[i];
            if (item == null) {
                continue;
            }
            if (DEBUG) {
                System.out.println("AbstractTracked.setInitial: " + item);
            }
            initial.add(item);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Track the initial list of items. This is called after events can begin to
     * be received. This method must be called from Tracker's open method while
     * not synchronized on this object after the add listener call.
     */
    void trackInitial() {
        while (true) {
            Object item;
            synchronized (this) {
                if (closed || (initial.size() == 0)) {
                    /*
                     * if there are no more initial items
                     */
                    return; /* we are done */
                }
                /*
                 * move the first item from the initial list to the adding list
                 * within this synchronized block.
                 */
                item = initial.removeFirst();
                if (tracked.get(item) != null) {
                    /* if we are already tracking this item */
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("AbstractTracked.trackInitial[already tracked]: " + item);
                    }
                    continue; /* skip this item */
                }
                if (adding.contains(item)) {
                    /*
                     * if this item is already in the process of being added.
                     */
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("AbstractTracked.trackInitial[already adding]: " + item);
                    }
                    continue; /* skip this item */
                }
                adding.add(item);
            }
            if (DEBUG) {
                System.out.println("AbstractTracked.trackInitial: " + item);
            }
            trackAdding(item, null); /*
                                      * Begin tracking it. We call trackAdding
                                      * since we have already put the item in
                                      * the adding list.
                                      */
        }
    }

    /**
     * Called by the owning Tracker object when it is closed.
     */
    void close() {
        closed = true;
    }

    /**
     * Begin to track an item.
     * 
     * @param item Item to be tracked.
     * @param related Action related object.
     */
    void track(final Object item, final Object related) {
        final Object object;
        synchronized (this) {
            if (closed) {
                return;
            }
            object = tracked.get(item);
            if (object == null) { /* we are not tracking the item */
                if (adding.contains(item)) {
                    /* if this item is already in the process of being added. */
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("AbstractTracked.track[already adding]: " + item);
                    }
                    return;
                }
                adding.add(item); /* mark this item is being added */
            } else { /* we are currently tracking this item */
                if (DEBUG) {
                    System.out.println("AbstractTracked.track[modified]: " + item);
                }
                modified(); /* increment modification count */
            }
        }

        if (object == null) { /* we are not tracking the item */
            trackAdding(item, related);
        } else {
            /* Call customizer outside of synchronized region */
            customizerModified(item, related, object);
            /*
             * If the customizer throws an unchecked exception, it is safe to
             * let it propagate
             */
        }
    }

    /**
     * Common logic to add an item to the tracker used by track and
     * trackInitial. The specified item must have been placed in the adding list
     * before calling this method.
     * 
     * @param item Item to be tracked.
     * @param related Action related object.
     */
    private void trackAdding(final Object item, final Object related) {
        if (DEBUG) {
            System.out.println("AbstractTracked.trackAdding: " + item);
        }
        Object object = null;
        boolean becameUntracked = false;
        /* Call customizer outside of synchronized region */
        try {
            object = customizerAdding(item, related);
            /*
             * If the customizer throws an unchecked exception, it will
             * propagate after the finally
             */
        } finally {
            synchronized (this) {
                if (adding.remove(item) && !closed) {
                    /*
                     * if the item was not untracked during the customizer
                     * callback
                     */
                    if (object != null) {
                        tracked.put(item, object);
                        modified(); /* increment modification count */
                        notifyAll(); /* notify any waiters */
                    }
                } else {
                    becameUntracked = true;
                }
            }
        }
        /*
         * The item became untracked during the customizer callback.
         */
        if (becameUntracked && (object != null)) {
            if (DEBUG) {
                System.out.println("AbstractTracked.trackAdding[removed]: " + item);
            }
            /* Call customizer outside of synchronized region */
            customizerRemoved(item, related, object);
            /*
             * If the customizer throws an unchecked exception, it is safe to
             * let it propagate
             */
        }
    }

    /**
     * Discontinue tracking the item.
     * 
     * @param item Item to be untracked.
     * @param related Action related object.
     */
    void untrack(final Object item, final Object related) {
        final Object object;
        synchronized (this) {
            if (initial.remove(item)) { /*
                                         * if this item is already in the list
                                         * of initial references to process
                                         */
                if (DEBUG) {
                    System.out.println("AbstractTracked.untrack[removed from initial]: " + item);
                }
                return; /*
                         * we have removed it from the list and it will not be
                         * processed
                         */
            }

            if (adding.remove(item)) { /*
                                        * if the item is in the process of being
                                        * added
                                        */
                if (DEBUG) {
                    System.out.println("AbstractTracked.untrack[being added]: " + item);
                }
                return; /*
                         * in case the item is untracked while in the process of
                         * adding
                         */
            }
            object = tracked.remove(item); /*
                                            * must remove from tracker before
                                            * calling customizer callback
                                            */
            if (object == null) { /* are we actually tracking the item */
                return;
            }
            modified(); /* increment modification count */
        }
        if (DEBUG) {
            System.out.println("AbstractTracked.untrack[removed]: " + item);
        }
        /* Call customizer outside of synchronized region */
        customizerRemoved(item, related, object);
        /*
         * If the customizer throws an unchecked exception, it is safe to let it
         * propagate
         */
    }

    /**
     * Returns the number of tracked items.
     * 
     * @return The number of tracked items.
     * @GuardedBy this
     */
    int size() {
        return tracked.size();
    }

    /**
     * Return the customized object for the specified item
     * 
     * @param item The item to lookup in the map
     * @return The customized object for the specified item.
     * @GuardedBy this
     */
    Object getCustomizedObject(final Object item) {
        return tracked.get(item);
    }

    /**
     * Return the list of tracked items.
     * 
     * @param list An array to contain the tracked items.
     * @return The specified list if it is large enough to hold the tracked
     *         items or a new array large enough to hold the tracked items.
     * @GuardedBy this
     */
    Object[] getTracked(final Object[] list) {
        return tracked.keySet().toArray(list);
    }

    /**
     * Increment the modification count. If this method is overridden, the
     * overriding method MUST call this method to increment the tracking count.
     * 
     * @GuardedBy this
     */
    void modified() {
        trackingCount++;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the tracking count for this <code>ServiceTracker</code> object.
     * The tracking count is initialized to 0 when this object is opened. Every
     * time an item is added, modified or removed from this object the tracking
     * count is incremented.
     * 
     * @GuardedBy this
     * @return The tracking count for this object.
     */
    int getTrackingCount() {
        return trackingCount;
    }

    /**
     * Call the specific customizer adding method. This method must not be
     * called while synchronized on this object.
     * 
     * @param item Item to be tracked.
     * @param related Action related object.
     * @return Customized object for the tracked item or <code>null</code> if
     *         the item is not to be tracked.
     */
    abstract Object customizerAdding(final Object item, final Object related);

    /**
     * Call the specific customizer modified method. This method must not be
     * called while synchronized on this object.
     * 
     * @param item Tracked item.
     * @param related Action related object.
     * @param object Customized object for the tracked item.
     */
    abstract void customizerModified(final Object item, final Object related, final Object object);

    /**
     * Call the specific customizer removed method. This method must not be
     * called while synchronized on this object.
     * 
     * @param item Tracked item.
     * @param related Action related object.
     * @param object Customized object for the tracked item.
     */
    abstract void customizerRemoved(final Object item, final Object related, final Object object);
}
