/*
 * Hibernate, Relational Persistence for Idiomatic Java
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2008, Red Hat Middleware LLC or third-party contributors as
 * indicated by the @author tags or express copyright attribution
 * statements applied by the authors.  All third-party contributions are
 * distributed under license by Red Hat Middleware LLC.
 *
 * This copyrighted material is made available to anyone wishing to use, modify,
 * copy, or redistribute it subject to the terms and conditions of the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
 * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * along with this distribution; if not, write to:
 * Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor
 * Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 */
package org.hibernate.engine;

import java.io.Serializable;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.TransientObjectException;
import org.hibernate.intercept.LazyPropertyInitializer;
import org.hibernate.persister.entity.EntityPersister;
import org.hibernate.proxy.HibernateProxy;
import org.hibernate.proxy.LazyInitializer;
import org.hibernate.type.AbstractComponentType;
import org.hibernate.type.EntityType;
import org.hibernate.type.Type;

/**
 * Algorithms related to foreign key constraint transparency
 * 
 * @author Gavin King
 */
public final class ForeignKeys {
	
	private ForeignKeys() {}
	
	public static class Nullifier {
	
		private final boolean isDelete;
		private final boolean isEarlyInsert;
		private final SessionImplementor session;
		private final Object self;
		
		public Nullifier(Object self, boolean isDelete, boolean isEarlyInsert, SessionImplementor session) {
			this.isDelete = isDelete;
			this.isEarlyInsert = isEarlyInsert;
			this.session = session;
			this.self = self;
		}
		
		/**
		 * Nullify all references to entities that have not yet 
		 * been inserted in the database, where the foreign key
		 * points toward that entity
		 */
		public void nullifyTransientReferences(final Object[] values, final Type[] types) 
		throws HibernateException {
			for ( int i = 0; i < types.length; i++ ) {
				values[i] = nullifyTransientReferences( values[i], types[i] );
			}
		}
	
		/**
		 * Return null if the argument is an "unsaved" entity (ie. 
		 * one with no existing database row), or the input argument 
		 * otherwise. This is how Hibernate avoids foreign key constraint
		 * violations.
		 */
		private Object nullifyTransientReferences(final Object value, final Type type) 
		throws HibernateException {
			if ( value == null ) {
				return null;
			}
			else if ( type.isEntityType() ) {
				EntityType entityType = (EntityType) type;
				if ( entityType.isOneToOne() ) {
					return value;
				}
				else {
					String entityName = entityType.getAssociatedEntityName();
					return isNullifiable(entityName, value) ? null : value;
				}
			}
			else if ( type.isAnyType() ) {
				return isNullifiable(null, value) ? null : value;
			}
			else if ( type.isComponentType() ) {
				AbstractComponentType actype = (AbstractComponentType) type;
				Object[] subvalues = actype.getPropertyValues(value, session);
				Type[] subtypes = actype.getSubtypes();
				boolean substitute = false;
				for ( int i = 0; i < subvalues.length; i++ ) {
					Object replacement = nullifyTransientReferences( subvalues[i], subtypes[i] );
					if ( replacement != subvalues[i] ) {
						substitute = true;
						subvalues[i] = replacement;
					}
				}
				if (substitute) actype.setPropertyValues( value, subvalues, session.getEntityMode() );
				return value;
			}
			else {
				return value;
			}
		}
	
		/**
		 * Determine if the object already exists in the database, 
		 * using a "best guess"
		 */
		private boolean isNullifiable(final String entityName, Object object) 
		throws HibernateException {
			
			if (object==LazyPropertyInitializer.UNFETCHED_PROPERTY) return false; //this is kinda the best we can do...
			
			if ( object instanceof HibernateProxy ) {
				// if its an uninitialized proxy it can't be transient
				LazyInitializer li = ( (HibernateProxy) object ).getHibernateLazyInitializer();
				if ( li.getImplementation(session) == null ) {
					return false;
					// ie. we never have to null out a reference to
					// an uninitialized proxy
				}
				else {
					//unwrap it
					object = li.getImplementation();
				}
			}
	
			// if it was a reference to self, don't need to nullify
			// unless we are using native id generation, in which
			// case we definitely need to nullify
			if ( object == self ) {
				return isEarlyInsert || (
					isDelete &&
					session.getFactory()
						.getDialect()
						.hasSelfReferentialForeignKeyBug()
				);
			}
	
			// See if the entity is already bound to this session, if not look at the
			// entity identifier and assume that the entity is persistent if the
			// id is not "unsaved" (that is, we rely on foreign keys to keep
			// database integrity)
	
			EntityEntry entityEntry = session.getPersistenceContext().getEntry(object);
			if ( entityEntry==null ) {
				return isTransient(entityName, object, null, session);
			}
			else {
				return entityEntry.isNullifiable(isEarlyInsert, session);
			}
	
		}
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * Is this instance persistent or detached?
	 * If <tt>assumed</tt> is non-null, don't hit the database to make the 
	 * determination, instead assume that value; the client code must be 
	 * prepared to "recover" in the case that this assumed result is incorrect.
	 */
	public static boolean isNotTransient(String entityName, Object entity, Boolean assumed, SessionImplementor session) 
	throws HibernateException {
		if (entity instanceof HibernateProxy) return true;
		if ( session.getPersistenceContext().isEntryFor(entity) ) return true;
		return !isTransient(entityName, entity, assumed, session);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Is this instance, which we know is not persistent, actually transient?
	 * If <tt>assumed</tt> is non-null, don't hit the database to make the 
	 * determination, instead assume that value; the client code must be 
	 * prepared to "recover" in the case that this assumed result is incorrect.
	 */
	public static boolean isTransient(String entityName, Object entity, Boolean assumed, SessionImplementor session) 
	throws HibernateException {
		
		if (entity==LazyPropertyInitializer.UNFETCHED_PROPERTY) {
			// an unfetched association can only point to
			// an entity that already exists in the db
			return false;
		}
		
		// let the interceptor inspect the instance to decide
		Boolean isUnsaved = session.getInterceptor().isTransient(entity);
		if (isUnsaved!=null) return isUnsaved.booleanValue();
		
		// let the persister inspect the instance to decide
		EntityPersister persister = session.getEntityPersister(entityName, entity);
		isUnsaved = persister.isTransient(entity, session);
		if (isUnsaved!=null) return isUnsaved.booleanValue();

		// we use the assumed value, if there is one, to avoid hitting
		// the database
		if (assumed!=null) return assumed.booleanValue();
		
		// hit the database, after checking the session cache for a snapshot
		Object[] snapshot = session.getPersistenceContext()
		        .getDatabaseSnapshot( persister.getIdentifier( entity, session.getEntityMode() ), persister );
		return snapshot==null;

	}

	/**
	 * Return the identifier of the persistent or transient object, or throw
	 * an exception if the instance is "unsaved"
	 *
	 * Used by OneToOneType and ManyToOneType to determine what id value should 
	 * be used for an object that may or may not be associated with the session. 
	 * This does a "best guess" using any/all info available to use (not just the 
	 * EntityEntry).
	 */
	public static Serializable getEntityIdentifierIfNotUnsaved(
			final String entityName, 
			final Object object, 
			final SessionImplementor session) 
	throws HibernateException {
		if ( object == null ) {
			return null;
		}
		else {
			Serializable id = session.getContextEntityIdentifier( object );
			if ( id == null ) {
				// context-entity-identifier returns null explicitly if the entity
				// is not associated with the persistence context; so make some
				// deeper checks...
				if ( isTransient(entityName, object, Boolean.FALSE, session) ) {
					throw new TransientObjectException(
							"object references an unsaved transient instance - save the transient instance before flushing: " +
							(entityName == null ? session.guessEntityName( object ) : entityName)
					);
				}
				id = session.getEntityPersister( entityName, object ).getIdentifier( object, session.getEntityMode() );
			}
			return id;
		}
	}

}
