%%% Contains SNeRG papers through 2005
%%% but not as complete as http://www.cs.buffalo.edu/sneps/Bibliography/
%%%
}

@InProceedings{Sha71,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1971",
  title =        "A net structure for semantic information storage,
                 deduction and retrieval",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Second International Joint
                 Conference on Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "Los Altos, {CA}",
  pages =        "512--523",
}


@Article{Sha75,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1975",
  title =        "Generation as parsing from a network into a linear
                 string",
  journal =      "American Journal of Computational Linguistics",
  howpublished = "Microfiche 33",
  pages =        "45--62",
}


@TechReport{Sha76,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1976",
  title =        "An introduction to {SNePS} (Semantic Network
                 Processing System)",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "31",
  institution =  "Computer Science Department, Indiana University",
  address =      "Bloomington, {IN}",
  pages =        "21",
}


@TechReport{ShaWan76,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and M. Wand",
  year =         "1976",
  title =        "The Relevance of Relevance",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "46",
  institution =  "Computer Science Department, Indiana University",
  address =      "Bloomington, {IN}",
  pages =        "21",
}


@TechReport{BecSha76,
  author =       "R. Bechtel and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1976",
  title =        "A Logic for Semantic Networks",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "47",
  institution =  "Computer Science Department, Indiana University",
  address =      "Bloomington, {IN}",
  pages =        "29",
}


@Article{Sha77a,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1977",
  title =        "Representing and locating deduction rules in a
                 semantic network",
  journal =      "Proceedings of the Workshop on Pattern-Directed
                 Inference Systems",
  volume =       "Sigart Newsletter",
  number =       "63",
  pages =        "14--18",
}


@InProceedings{Sha77b,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1977",
  title =        "Representing numbers in semantic networks:
                 prolegomena",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 5th International Joint Conference
                 on Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "Los Altos, {CA}",
  pages =        "284",
}


@InProceedings{Sha77c,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1977",
  title =        "Compiling deduction rules from a semantic network into
                 a set of processes",
  booktitle =    "Abstracts of Workshop on Automatic Deduction",
  institution =  "{MIT}",
  address =      "Cambridge, {MA}",
  pages =        "7",
}


@InProceedings{Sha78,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1978",
  title =        "Path-based and node-based inference in semantic
                 networks",
  editor =       "D. Waltz",
  booktitle =    "Tinlap--2: Theoretical Issues in Natural Languages
                 Processing",
  organization = "{ACM}",
  address =      "New York",
  pages =        "219--225",
}


@InCollection{Sha79a,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1979",
  title =        "The {SNePS} semantic network processing system",
  editor =       "N. V. Findler",
  booktitle =    "Associative Networks: The Representation and Use of
                 Knowledge by Computers",
  publisher =    "Academic Press",
  address =      "New York",
  pages =        "179--203",
}


@InProceedings{Sha79b,
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{Sha82}",
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1979",
  title =        "Generalized augmented transition network grammars for
                 generation from semantic networks",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 17th Annual Meeting of the
                 Association for Computational Linguistics",
  organization = "University of California at San Diego",
  pages =        "25--29",
}


@InProceedings{Sha79c,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1979",
  title =        "Numerical quantifiers and their use in reasoning with
                 negative information",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Sixth International Joint
                 Conference on Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "Los Altos, {CA}",
  pages =        "791--796",
}


@Misc{Sha79d,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1979",
  title =        "Using non-standard connectives and quantifiers for
                 representing deduction rules in a semantic network",
  note =         "Invited paper presented at Current Aspects of {AI}
                 Research, a seminar held at the Electrotechnical
                 Laboratory, Tokyo",
  pages =        "25",
}


@TechReport{MckSha80a,
  author =       "D. P. McKay and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1980",
  title =        "{MULTI}: {A} {LISP} Based Multiprocessing System",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "164",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "(Contains appendices not in item 15)",
  pages =        "50",
}


@InProceedings{MckSha80b,
  author =       "D. P. McKay and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1980",
  title =        "{MULTI} --- {A} {LISP} based multiprocessing system",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 1980 {LISP} Conference",
  organization = "Stanford University, Stanford, {CA}",
  pages =        "29--37",
}


@InProceedings{ShaMck80,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and D. P. McKay",
  year =         "1980",
  title =        "Inference with recursive rules",
  booktitle =    "ProceedIngs of the First Annual National Conference on
                 Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "Los Altos, {CA}",
  pages =        "151--153",
}


@Article{Sha80,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1980",
  title =        "Review of {F}ahlman, {S}cott {NETL}: {A} system for
                 representing and using real-world knowledge",
  publisher =    "{MIT} Press",
  address =      "Cambridge, {MA}, 1979",
  journal =      "American Journal of Computational Linguistics",
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "183--186",
}


@TechReport{Mck80,
  author =       "D. P. McKay",
  year =         "1980",
  title =        "Recursive Rules --- An Outside Challenge",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "1",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "11",
}


@TechReport{MaiSha81,
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{MaiSha82}",
  author =       "A. S. Maida and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "Intensional Concepts in Propositional Semantic
                 Networks",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "171",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "69",
}


@TechReport{Sha81a,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "{COCCI}: {A} Deductive Semantic Network Program for
                 Solving Microbiology Unknowns",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "173",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "24",
}


@TechReport{MarMckSha81,
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{ShaMarMck82}",
  author =       "J. Martins and D. P. McKay and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "Bi-directional Inference",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "174",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "32",
}


@TechReport{MarSha81,
  author =       "J. Martins and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "A Belief Revision System Based on Relevance Logic and
                 Heterarchical Contexts",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "175",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "42",
}


@TechReport{Sha81b,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "Summary of Scientific Progress",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "3",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "5",
}


@Manual{MckMar81,
  author =       "D. P. Mckay and J. Martins",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "{SNePSLOG} User's Manual",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "4",
  organization = "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "8",
}


@TechReport{MckShuMar81,
  note =         "Obsolete",
  author =       "D. P. McKay and H. Shubin and J. and Martins",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "{RIPOFF}: Another Text Formatting Program",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "5",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "18",
}


@TechReport{Nea81,
  author =       "J. Neal",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "A Knowledge Engineering Approach to Natural Language
                 Understanding",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "179",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "67",
}


@TechReport{Sri81,
  author =       "R. Srihari",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "Combining Path-based and Node-based Reasoning in
                 {SNePS}",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "183",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "52",
}


@TechReport{MckMarMorAlmSha81,
  author =       "D. P. McKay and J. Martins and E. Morgado and M.
                 Almeida and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "An Assessment of {SNePS} for the {N}avy Domain",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "6",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "48",
}


@TechReport{Sha81c,
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{MaiSha82} and \cite{ShaRap87b}",
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "What do Semantic Network Nodes Represent?",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "7",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
}


@InProceedings{MckSha81,
  author =       "D. P. McKay and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "Using active connection graphs for reasoning with
                 recursive rules",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Seventh International Joint
                 Conference on Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "Los Altos, {CA}",
  pages =        "368--374",
}


@Manual{ShaSIG81,
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{ShaSIG94}.",
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and {The SNePS Implementation Group}",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "{SNePS} User's Manual",
  organization = "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
}


@TechReport{ShaMckMarMor81,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and D. P. McKay and J. Martins and E.
                 Morgado",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "{SNePSLOG}: {A} ``Higher Order'' Logic Programming
                 Language",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "8",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "Presented at the Workshop on Logic Programming for
                 Intelligent Systems, {R.M.S.} Queen Mary, Long Beach,
                 {CA}",
  pages =        "16",
}


@TechReport{Shu81,
  author =       "H. Shubin",
  year =         "1981",
  title =        "Inference and Control in Multiprocessing
                 Environments",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "186",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "56",
}


@Article{Sha82,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1982",
  title =        "Generalized augmented transition network grammars for
                 generation from semantic networks",
  journal =      "The American Journal of Computational Linguistics",
  volume =       "8",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "12--25",
}


@TechReport{Alm82,
  author =       "M. J. Almeida",
  year =         "1982",
  title =        "{NETP}2 --- {A} Parser for a Subset of English",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "9",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "32",
}


@TechReport{Tra82,
  author =       "L. M. Tranchell",
  year =         "1982",
  title =        "A {SNePS} Implementation of {KL-ONE}",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "198",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "51",
}


@InProceedings{ShaNea82,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and J. G. Neal",
  year =         "1982",
  title =        "A Knowledge Engineering Approach to Natural Language
                 Understanding",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 20th Annual Meeting of the
                 Association for Computational Linguistics",
  publisher =    "{ACL}",
  address =      "Menlo Park, {CA}",
  pages =        "136--144",
}


@TechReport{Don82,
  author =       "G. Donlon",
  year =         "1982",
  title =        "Using Resource Limited Inference in {SNePS}",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "10",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "10",
}


@InProceedings{Nut82,
  author =       "J. T. Nutter",
  year =         "1982",
  title =        "Defaults revisited or ``{T}ell me if you're
                 guessing''",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Conference of the
                 Cognitive Science Society",
  organization = "the Program in Cognitive Science of The University of
                 Chicago and The University of Michigan",
  address =      "Ann Arbor, {MI}",
  pages =        "67--69",
}


@InProceedings{ShaMarMck82,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and J. Martins and D. McKay",
  year =         "1982",
  title =        "Bi-directional inference",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Conference of the
                 Cognitive Science Society",
  publisher =    "the Program in Cognitive Science of The University of
                 Chicago and The University of Michigan",
  address =      "Ann Arbor, {MI}",
  pages =        "90--93",
}


@Article{MaiSha82,
  author =       "A. S. Maida and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1982",
  title =        "Intensional concepts in propositional semantic
                 networks",
  journal =      "Cognitive Science",
  volume =       "6",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "291--330",
  note =         "Reprinted in R. J. Brachman and H. J. Levesque, eds.
                 {\em Readings in Knowledge Representation}, Morgan
                 Kaufmann, Los Altos, {CA}, 1985, 170--189",
}


@InProceedings{Mar83a,
  author =       "J. P. Martins",
  year =         "1983",
  title =        "Belief revision in {MBR}",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 1983 Conference on Artificial
                 Intelligence",
  address =      "Rochester, Michigan",
}


@InProceedings{Nut83a,
  author =       "J. T. Nutter",
  year =         "1983",
  title =        "What else is wrong with non-monotonic logics?:
                 {R}epresentational and informational shortcomings",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Meeting of the
                 Cognitive Science Society",
  address =      "Rochester, {NY}",
  pages =        "5",
}


@InProceedings{AlmSha83,
  author =       "M. J. Almeida and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1983",
  title =        "Reasoning about the temporal structure of narrative
                 texts",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Meeting of the
                 Cognitive Science Society",
  address =      "Rochester, {NY}",
  pages =        "5",
}


@PhdThesis{Mar83b,
  author =       "J. P. Martins",
  year =         "1983",
  title =        "Reasoning in Multiple Belief Spaces",
  school =       "Technical Report 203, Department of Computer Science,
                 University at Buffalo",
  pages =        "381",
}


@InProceedings{MarSha83,
  author =       "J. P. Martins and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1983",
  title =        "Reasoning in multiple belief spaces",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Eighth International Joint
                 Conference on Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "Los Altos, {CA}",
  pages =        "370--373",
}


@InProceedings{Nut83b,
  author =       "J. T. Nutter",
  year =         "1983",
  title =        "Default reasoning using monotonic logic: a modest
                 proposal",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of The National Conference on Artificial
                 Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "Los Altos, {CA}",
  pages =        "297--300",
}


@MastersThesis{Nut83c,
  author =       "J. T. Nutter",
  year =         "1983",
  title =        "Default Reasoning in {A.I.} Systems",
  school =       "Technical Report 204, Department of Computer Science,
                 University at Buffalo",
  pages =        "82",
}


@TechReport{MorSha83,
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{MorSha85}",
  author =       "E. J. Morgado and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1983",
  title =        "Believing and Acting: An Approach to Meta-Knowledge
                 and Meta-Reasoning",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "11",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
}


@InProceedings{RapSha84,
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1984",
  title =        "Quasi-Indexical Reference in Propositional Semantic
                 Networks",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of Coling--84",
  publisher =    "The Association for Computational Linguistics",
  pages =        "65--70",
}


@TechReport{NeaSha84,
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{NeaSha87b}",
  author =       "J. G. Neal and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1984",
  title =        "Knowledge-based parsing",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "213",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "70",
}


@MastersThesis{Rap84,
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{Rap86b}",
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1984",
  title =        "Belief Representation and Quasi-Indicators",
  school =       "Technical Report 215, Department of Computer Science,
                 University at Buffalo",
  pages =        "164",
}


@InProceedings{Mar84,
  author =       "J. P. Martins and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1984",
  title =        "A Model for Belief Revision",
  booktitle =    "Non-Monotonic Reasoning Workshop",
  organization = "The American Association for Artificial Intelligence",
  pages =        "241--294",
}


@InProceedings{XiaSriShaChu84,
  author =       "Z. Xiang and S. N. Srihari and S. C. Shapiro and J. G.
                 Chutkow",
  year =         "1984",
  title =        "Analogical and propositional representation of
                 structure in neurological diagnosis",
  booktitle =    "Proc. First Conference on Artificial Intelligence
                 Applications",
  publisher =    "{IEEE} Computer Society Press",
  address =      "Silver Spring, {MD}",
  pages =        "127--132",
}


@PhdThesis{Nea85,
  author =       "J. G. Neal",
  year =         "1985",
  title =        "A Knowledge Based Approach to Natural Language
                 Understanding",
  school =       "Technical Report 85--06, Department of Computer
                 Science, University at Buffalo",
  pages =        "226",
}


@InProceedings{Rap85a,
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1985",
  title =        "Meinongian Semantics for Propositional Semantic
                 Networks",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the
                 Association for Computational Linguistics",
  publisher =    "Association for Computational Linguistics",
  address =      "Morristown, NJ",
  pages =        "43--48",
}


@TechReport{Sak85,
  author =       "V. Saks",
  year =         "1985",
  title =        "A Matcher for Intensional Semantic Networks",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "12",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "30",
}


@TechReport{Suc85,
  author =       "J. Suchin",
  year =         "1985",
  title =        "A Semantic Network Representation of the Peripheral
                 Nervous System",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "13",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "33",
}


@InProceedings{MorSha85,
  author =       "E. J. Morgado and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1985",
  title =        "Believing and acting: {A} study of meta-knowledge and
                 meta-reasoning",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of {EPIA}-85 (``Encontro Portugues de
                 Inteligencia Artificial'')",
  address =      "Oporto, Portugal",
  pages =        "138--154",
}


@InProceedings{XiaSriShaChu85,
  author =       "Z. Xiang and S. N. Srihari and S. C. Shapiro and J. G.
                 Chutkow",
  year =         "1985",
  title =        "A modeling scheme for diagnosis",
  booktitle =    "Expert Systems in Government Symposium",
  publisher =    "{IEEE} Computer Society Press",
  address =      "Washington, {DC}",
  pages =        "538--547",
}


@TechReport{ShaRap85,
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{ShaRap87b}",
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1985",
  title =        "{SNePS} Considered as a Fully Intensional Semantic
                 Network",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "85--15",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "46",
}


@TechReport{Rap85b,
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1985",
  title =        "Logic and Artificial Intelligence",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "85--16",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "44",
}


@InProceedings{NeaSha85,
  author =       "J. G. Neal and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1985",
  title =        "Parsing as a form of inference in a multiprocessing
                 environment",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Conference on Intelligent Systems
                 and Machines",
  institution =  "Oakland University",
  address =      "Rochester, Michigan",
  pages =        "19--24",
}


@InProceedings{XiaChuShaSri85,
  author =       "Z. Xiang and J. G. Chutkow and S. C. Shapiro and S. N.
                 Srihari",
  year =         "1985",
  title =        "Representation of spatial structure and function in
                 diagnosis",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Second Conference on Artificial
                 Intelligence Applications",
  publisher =    "{IEEE} Computer Society Press",
  address =      "Silver Spring, {MD}",
  pages =        "223--228",
}


@TechReport{HolGarOst86,
  author =       "M. Holynski and B. R. Gardner and R. Ostrovsky",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Towards an intelligent computer graphics system",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "86--003",
  institution =  "Computer Science Department, Boston University",
  pages =        "24",
  note =         "Out of print.",
}


@Article{ShaSriGelTai86,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and S. N. Srihari and J. Geller and
                 {M.-R.} Taie",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "A fault diagnosis system based on an integrated
                 knowledge base",
  journal =      "{IEEE} Software",
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "48--49",
}


@Article{XiaChuShaSri86,
  author =       "Z. Xiang and J. G. Chutkow and S. C. Shapiro and S. N.
                 Srihari",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Computerized neurological diagnosis: {A} paradigm of
                 modeling and reasoning",
  journal =      "Health Care Instrumentation",
  volume =       "1",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "90--105",
}


@InCollection{MarSha86a,
  author =       "J. P. Martins and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Theoretical foundations for belief revision",
  booktitle =    "Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning About Knowledge",
  editor =       "J. Y. Halpern",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann Publishers",
  address =      "Los Altos, {CA}",
  pages =        "383--398",
}


@InProceedings{ShaSriTaiGel86,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and S. N. Srihari and M.-R. Taie and J.
                 Geller",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "{VMES}: {A} network-based versatile maintenance expert
                 system",
  booktitle =    "Applications of Artificial Intelligence to Engineering
                 Problems: Proceedings of The 1st International
                 Conference",
  publisher =    "Springer--Verlag",
  address =      "Berlin",
  pages =        "925--936",
}


@InProceedings{MarSha86b,
  author =       "J. P. Martins and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Hypothetical reasoning",
  booktitle =    "Applications of Artificial Intelligence to Engineering
                 Problems: Proceedings of The 1st International
                 Conference",
  publisher =    "Springer--Verlag",
  address =      "Berlin",
  pages =        "1029--1042",
}


@TechReport{Hul86,
  author =       "R. G. Hull",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "A New Design for {SNIP} the {SNePS} Inference
                 Package",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "14",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "49",
}


@InProceedings{TaiSriGelSha86,
  author =       "M. R. Taie and S. N. Srihari and J. Geller and S. C.
                 Shapiro",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Device Representation Using Instantiation Rules and
                 Structural Templates",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Sixth Canadian Conference on
                 Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Presses de l'Universit\'{e} du Qu\'{e}bec",
  pages =        "124--128",
}


@InProceedings{MarSha86c,
  author =       "J. P. Martins and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Belief Revision in {SNePS}",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Sixth Canadian Conference on
                 Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Presses de l'Universit\'{e} du Qu\'{e}bec",
  pages =        "230--234",
}


@TechReport{CamSha86,
  author =       "S. S. Campbell and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Using Belief Revision to Detect Faults in Circuits",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "15",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "17",
}


@TechReport{Rap86a,
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{Rap88a}",
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Syntactic Semantics: Foundations of Computational
                 Natural-Language Understanding",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "86--24",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "14",
}


@TechReport{RapShaWie86,
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport and S. C. Shapiro and J. M. Wiebe",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Quasi-Indicators, Knowledge Reports, and Discourse.",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "86--15",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "Superceded by \cite{RapShaWie95a}",
}


@Article{HarRap86,
  author =       "S. L. Hardt and {Rapaport (eds.)}, W. J.",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Recent and Current Artificial Intelligence Research in
                 the {Department of Computer Science, SUNY Buffalo}",
  journal =      "{AI} Magazine",
  volume =       "7",
  number =       "2",
  pages =        "91--100",
}


@InProceedings{ShaRap86,
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{ShaRap87b}",
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "{SNePS} Considered as a Fully Intensional
                 Propositional Semantic Network",
  booktitle =    "Proc. Fifth National Conference on Artificial
                 Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "Los Altos, {CA}",
  pages =        "278--283",
}


@PhdThesis{Mor86,
  author =       "Ernesto J. M. Morgado",
  title =        "Semantic Networks as Abstract Data Types",
  school =       "Technical Report 86-19, Department of Computer
                 Science, State University of New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1986",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "318 pages",
}


@TechReport{BruDucRapSegShaZub86,
  author =       "G. A. Bruder and J. F. Duchan and W. J. Rapaport and
                 E. M. Segal and S. C. Shapiro and D. A. Zubin",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Deictic Centers in Narrative: An Interdisciplinary
                 Cognitive-Science Project.",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "86--20",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "32 pages",
}


@Article{Sha86,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Symmetric relations, intensional individuals, and
                 variable binding",
  journal =      "Proceedings of the {IEEE}",
  volume =       "74",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "1354--1363",
}


@Article{WieRap86,
  author =       "J. M. Wiebe and W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Representing {\em De Re\/ {\em and} De Dicto\/} Belief
                 Reports in Discourse and Narrative",
  journal =      "Proceedings of the {IEEE}",
  volume =       "74",
  number =       "10",
  pages =        "1405--1413",
}


@Article{Rap86b,
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Logical Foundations for Belief Representation",
  journal =      "Cognitive Science",
  volume =       "10",
  pages =        "371--422",
}


@InProceedings{ShaGel86,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and J. Geller",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "Artificial intelligence and automated design",
  booktitle =    "The Computability of Design: Proceedings of the 1986
                 {SUNY} Buffalo Symposium on {CAD}",
  institution =  "School of Architecture and Environmental Design,
                 University at Buffalo",
  note =         "unpaginated, 13 pp",
}


@TechReport{Vbl86,
  author =       "J. Van Blargan",
  year =         "1986",
  title =        "An Introduction to {SNePS II}",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "16",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "39",
}


@TechReport{Cha87,
  author =       "C. M. Chan",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "Forward Path-Based Inference in {SNePS}",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "17",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "46",
}


@InProceedings{TaiGelSriSha87,
  author =       "M. R. Taie and J. Geller and S. N. Srihari and S. C.
                 Shapiro",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "Knowledge Based Modeling of Circuit Boards",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Annual Reliability and
                 Maintainability Symposium",
  publisher =    "{IEEE}",
  pages =        "422--427",
}


@TechReport{Li87,
  author =       "Naicong Li",
  year =         "1986",
  month =        jan,
  title =        "Pronoun Resolution in {SNePS}",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "18",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "10",
}


@TechReport{SriRapKum87,
  author =       "S. N. Srihari and W. J. Rapaport and D. Kumar",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "On Knowledge Representation Using Semantic Networks
                 and Sanskrit",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "87--03",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "14",
}


@InCollection{NeaSha87a,
  author =       "J. G. Neal and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "Knowledge representation for reasoning about
                 language",
  editor =       "J. C. Boudreaux and B. W. Hamill and R. Jernigan",
  booktitle =    "The Role of Language in Problem Solving 2",
  publisher =    "Elsevier Science Publishers",
  pages =        "27--46",
}


@TechReport{Chu87,
  author =       "S. A. Chun",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "{SNePS} Implementation of Possessive Phrases",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "19",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "12",
}


@TechReport{YuhSha87,
  author =       "A. H. Yuhan and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "Design of an Incremental Compiler for a
                 Production-system {ATN} Machine",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "87--09",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "38",
}


@PhdThesis{Alm87,
  author =       "M. J. Almeida",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "Reasoning About the Temporal Structure of Narratives",
  school =       "Technical Report 87--10, Department of Computer
                 Science, University at Buffalo",
  pages =        "185",
}


@InProceedings{Nut87,
  author =       "J. T. Nutter",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "Assimilation: {A} strategy for implementing
                 self-reorganizing knowledge bases",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Sixth National Conference on
                 Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "Los Angeles, {CA}",
  pages =        "449--453",
}


@InProceedings{PetSha87a,
  author =       "S. L. Peters and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "A representation for natural category systems",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference of the
                 Cognitive Science Society",
  publisher =    "Lawrence Erlbaum Publishers",
  pages =        "379--390",
}


@InProceedings{GelSha87,
  author =       "J. Geller and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "Graphical deep knowledge for intelligent machine
                 drafting",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Tenth International Joint
                 Conference on Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "Los Angeles, {CA}",
  pages =        "545--551",
}


@InProceedings{PetSha87b,
  author =       "S. L. Peters and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "A representation for natural category systems",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Tenth International Joint
                 Conference on Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "Los Altos, {CA}",
  pages =        "140--146",
}


@InCollection{NeaSha87b,
  author =       "J. G. Neal and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "Knowledge-based parsing",
  booktitle =    "Natural Language Parsing Systems",
  editor =       "L. Bolc",
  publisher =    "Springer--Verlag",
  address =      "Berlin",
  pages =        "49--92",
}


@InProceedings{ShaRap87a,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and J. W. Rapaport",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "Knowledge Representation for Natural Language
                 Processing",
  booktitle =    "1987 Natural Language Planning Workshop",
  organization = "Northeast Artificial Intelligence Consortium,
                 Minnowbrook, NY",
  pages =        "56--77",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{ShaRap91a}.",
}


@InCollection{ShaGel87,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and J. Geller",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "Artificial intelligence and automated design",
  booktitle =    "Computability of Design",
  editor =       "Y. Kalay",
  publisher =    "John Wiley",
  pages =        "173--187",
}


@InCollection{ShaRap87b,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1987",
  title =        "{SNePS} considered as a fully intensional
                 propositional semantic network",
  booktitle =    "The Knowledge Frontier",
  editor =       "N. Cercone and G. McCalla",
  publisher =    "Springer--Verlag",
  address =      "New York",
  pages =        "263--315",
}


@InProceedings{FoxNutAhlEveMar88,
  author =       "E. A. Fox and J. T. Nutter and T. Ahlswede and M.
                 Evens and J. Markowitz",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "Building a large thesaurus for information retrieval",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Second Conference on Applied
                 Natural Language Processing",
  publisher =    "{ACL}",
  address =      "Austin, {TX}",
  pages =        "101--108",
}


@InCollection{Rap88a,
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "Syntactic semantics: Foundations of computational
                 natural-language understanding",
  booktitle =    "Aspects of Artificial Intelligence",
  editor =       "J. Fetzer",
  publisher =    "Kluwer Academic Publishers",
  address =      "Dordrecht, Holland",
  pages =        "81--131",
  note =         "Reprinted in E. Dietrich, editor, {\em Thinking
                 Computers \& Virtual Persons: Essays on the
                 Intentionality of Machines,} pages 225--273. Academic
                 Press, San Diego, 1994.",
}


@TechReport{ShaRap88,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "Models and Minds: {A} Reply to {B}arnden",
  type =         "Northeast Artificial Intelligence Consortium Technical
                 Report",
  number =       "TR--8737",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{ShaRap91a}.",
}


@InProceedings{NeaSha88,
  author =       "J. G. Neal and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "Intelligent multi-media interface technology",
  booktitle =    "Proc. Architectures for Intelligent Interfaces:
                 Elements and Prototypes",
  editor =       "J. W Sullivan and S. W. Tyler",
  address =      "Lockheed {AI} Center",
  pages =        "69--91",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{NeaSha91}.",
}


@Article{MarSha88,
  author =       "J. P. Martins and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "A model for belief revision",
  journal =      "Artificial Intelligence",
  volume =       "35",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "25--79",
}


@InProceedings{WieRap88,
  author =       "J. M. Wiebe and W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "A Computational Theory of Perspective and Reference in
                 Narrative",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of the
                 Association for Computational Linguistics",
  publisher =    "Association for Computational Linguistics",
  pages =        "131--138",
}


@TechReport{Rap88b,
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "A knowledge-representation challenge for {SNePS}",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "20",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "17",
}


@InProceedings{NeaBetByoDobThi88,
  author =       "J. G. Neal and K. E. Bettinger and J. S. Byoun and Z.
                 Dobes and C. Y. Thielman",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "An Intelligent Multi-Media Human-Computer Dialogue
                 System",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Workshop on Space, Operations,
                 Automation, and Robotics, (SOAR88)",
  publisher =    "Wright State University, Dayton, OH",
  pages =        "7",
}


@TechReport{RobRap88,
  author =       "L. D. Roberts and W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "Quantifier Order, Reflexive Pronouns, and
                 Quasi-indexicals: Essay, Comments, and Reply",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "88--16",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "24",
}


@InProceedings{PetShaRap88,
  author =       "S. L. Peters and S. C. Shapiro and W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "Flexible Natural Language Processing and {R}oschian
                 Category Theory",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Conference of the
                 Cognitive Science Society",
  publisher =    "Lawrence Erlbaum Publishers",
  pages =        "125--131",
}


@InProceedings{NeaDobBetByo88,
  author =       "J. G. Neal and Z. Dobes and K. E. Bettinger and J. S.
                 Byoun",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "Multi-Modal References in Human-Computer Dialogue",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Seventh National Conference on
                 Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  pages =        "819--823",
}


@InProceedings{Sha88,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "Representing Plans and Acts",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Third Annual Workshop on Conceptual
                 Graphs",
  publisher =    "The American Association for Artificial Intelligence,
                 Menlo Park, CA",
  pages =        "3.2.7--1--3.2.7--6",
}


@InCollection{KumAliSha88,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar and Syed Ali and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "Discussing, Using and Recognizing Plans in {SNePS}
                 Preliminary Report---{SNACTor}: An Acting System",
  booktitle =    "Modern Trends in Information Technology: Proceedings
                 of the Seventh Biennial Convention of South East Asia
                 Regional Computer Confederation",
  editor =       "P V S Rao and P Sadanandan",
  publisher =    "Tata McGraw-Hill",
  address =      "New Delhi, India",
  pages =        "177--182",
}


@Article{Rap88c,
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1988",
  title =        "To Think or Not to Think",
  journal =      "No\^{u}s",
  volume =       "22",
  number =       "4",
  pages =        "585--609",
}


@Manual{ShaSIG89,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and The {SNePS} Implementation Group",
  year =         "1989",
  title =        "{SNePS-2} User's Manual",
  organization = "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{ShaSIG94}.",
}


@Unpublished{Sha89a,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1989",
  title =        "Formal Foundations of an Intensional Propositional
                 Semantic Network",
  note =         "Presented at the Workshop on Formal Aspects of
                 Semantic Networks, Santa Catalina Island, CA.
                 Superseded by \cite{Sha91a}.",
}


@TechReport{RapSegShaZubBruDucAlmDanGalWieYuh89,
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport and E. M. Segal and S. C. Shapiro and
                 D. A. Zubin and G. A. Bruder and J. F. Duchan and M. J.
                 Almeida and J. H. Daniels and M. Galbraith and J. M.
                 Wiebe and A. H. Yuhan",
  year =         "1989",
  title =        "Deictic Centers and the Cognitive Structure of
                 Narrative Comprehension",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "89--01",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "36",
}


@InProceedings{ShaKumAli89,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and D. Kumar and S. Ali",
  year =         "1989",
  title =        "A Propositional Network Approach to Plans and Plan
                 Recognition",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 1988 Workshop on Plan Recognition",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "Los Altos, {CA}",
  pages =        "21",
}


@InProceedings{NeaThiFunByo89,
  author =       "J. G. Neal and C. Y. Thielman and D. J. Funke and J.
                 S. Byoun",
  year =         "1989",
  title =        "Multi-Modal Output Composition for Human-Computer
                 Dialogues",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 1989 IEEE AI Systems in Government
                 Conference",
  address =      "George Washington Univ., Wash. D.C.",
  publisher =    "IEEE",
  pages =        "250--257",
}


@TechReport{RapSegShaZubBruDucMar89,
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport and E. M. Segal and S. C. Shapiro and
                 D. A. Zubin and G. A. Bruder and J. F. Duchan and D. M.
                 Mark",
  year =         "1989",
  title =        "Cognitive and Computer Systems for Understanding
                 Narrative Text",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "89--07",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "35",
}


@InProceedings{Sha89b,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1989",
  title =        "The {CASSIE} Projects: {A}n Approach to Natural
                 Language Competence",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 4th Portugese Conference on
                 Artificial Intelligence",
  address =      "Lisbon, Portugal",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "362--380",
}


@InProceedings{NeaThiDobHalSha89,
  author =       "J. G. Neal and C. Y. Thielman and Z. Dobes and S. M.
                 Haller and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1989",
  title =        "Natural Language with Integrated Deictic and Graphic
                 Gestures",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the DARPA Speech and Natural Language
                 Workshop",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  pages =        "14",
}


@Misc{NeaThiDobHalGlaSha89,
  author =       "J. G. Neal and C. Y. Thielman and Z. Dobes and S. M.
                 Haller and S. Glanowski and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1989",
  title =        "{CUBRICON}: {A} Multi-Modal User Interface.
                 {P}resented at the {GIS/LIS} '89 {C}onference",
  address =      "Orlando, Florida",
  pages =        "8",
}


@InProceedings{ShaMar89,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and J. P. Martins",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Recent Advances and Developments -- The {SNePS} 2.1
                 Report",
  booktitle =    "Current Trends in {SNePS}--Semantic Network Processing
                 System: Proceedings of the First Annual {SNePS}
                 Workshop",
  editor =       "D. Kumar",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "1--13",
}


@InProceedings{CraMar89,
  author =       "M. R. Cravo and J. P. Martins",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Path-based Inference Revisited",
  booktitle =    "Current Trends in {SNePS}--Semantic Network Processing
                 System: Proceedings of the First Annual {SNePS}
                 Workshop",
  editor =       "D. Kumar",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "15--26",
}


@InProceedings{MamMar89,
  author =       "N. J. Mamede and J. P. Martins",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Expanding {SNePS} Capabilities with {LORE}",
  booktitle =    "Current Trends in {SNePS}--Semantic Network Processing
                 System: Proceedings of the First Annual {SNePS}
                 Workshop",
  editor =       "D. Kumar",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "27--39",
}


@InProceedings{Gel89,
  author =       "J. Geller",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Order Dependence of Declarative Knowledge
                 Representation",
  booktitle =    "Current Trends in {SNePS}--Semantic Network Processing
                 System: Proceedings of the First Annual {SNePS}
                 Workshop",
  editor =       "D. Kumar",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "41--54",
}


@InProceedings{Kum89,
  author =       "D. Kumar",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "An Integrated Model of Acting and Inference",
  booktitle =    "Current Trends in {SNePS}--Semantic Network Processing
                 System: Proceedings of the First Annual {SNePS}
                 Workshop",
  editor =       "D. Kumar",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "55--65",
}


@InProceedings{Dip89,
  author =       "R. R. Dipert",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "The Structure of Agency: Issues in the Representation
                 of Agency and Action",
  booktitle =    "Current Trends in {SNePS}--Semantic Network Processing
                 System: Proceedings of the First Annual {SNePS}
                 Workshop",
  editor =       "D. Kumar",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "67--84",
}


@InProceedings{SriRap89,
  author =       "R. K. Srihari and W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Exacting Visual Information From Text: Using Captions
                 to Label Human Faces in Newspaper Photographs",
  booktitle =    "Current Trends in {SNePS}--Semantic Network Processing
                 System: Proceedings of the First Annual {SNePS}
                 Workshop",
  editor =       "D. Kumar",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "85--96",
}


@InProceedings{Nut89,
  author =       "J. T. Nutter",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Knowledge Based Lexicons",
  booktitle =    "Current Trends in {SNePS}--Semantic Network Processing
                 System: Proceedings of the First Annual {SNePS}
                 Workshop",
  editor =       "D. Kumar",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "97--106",
}


@InProceedings{Rap89,
  author =       "W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Representing Fiction in {SNePS}",
  booktitle =    "Current Trends in {SNePS}--Semantic Network Processing
                 System: Proceedings of the First Annual {SNePS}
                 Workshop",
  editor =       "D. Kumar",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "107--121",
}


@InProceedings{Wya89,
  author =       "R. Wyatt",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Kinds of Opacity and Their Representations",
  booktitle =    "Current Trends in {SNePS}--Semantic Network Processing
                 System: Proceedings of the First Annual {SNePS}
                 Workshop",
  editor =       "D. Kumar",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "123--144",
}


@InProceedings{RapEve89,
  author =       "C. Rapp and M. Evens",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Design of an Emotion Profiler Using {SNePS}",
  booktitle =    "Current Trends in {SNePS}--Semantic Network Processing
                 System: Proceedings of the First Annual {SNePS}
                 Workshop",
  editor =       "D. Kumar",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "145--152",
}


@InProceedings{CliNut89,
  author =       "B. E. Cline and J. T. Nutter",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Implications of Natural Catagories for Natural
                 Language Generation",
  booktitle =    "Current Trends in {SNePS}--Semantic Network Processing
                 System: Proceedings of the First Annual {SNePS}
                 Workshop",
  editor =       "D. Kumar",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "153--162",
}


@InProceedings{KumAliHaaSha90,
  author =       "D. Kumar and S. S. Ali and J. Haas and S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "The {SNePS} Acting System",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Fifth Annual University at Buffalo
                 Graduate Conference on Computer Science",
  editor =       "K. E. Bettinger and G. Srikantan",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "91--100",
}


@PhdThesis{Wie90,
  author =       "J. M. Wiebe",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Recognizing Subjective Sentences: {A} Computational
                 Investigation of Narrative Text",
  school =       "Technical Report 90-03, Department of Computer
                 Science, University at Buffalo",
  pages =        "372",
}


@TechReport{ShaRap90a,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Models and Minds: Knowledge Representation for
                 Natural-Language Competence",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "90--10",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{ShaRap91a}.",
}


@TechReport{Rap90,
  author =       "William J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Predication, fiction, and artificial intelligence",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "90--11",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{Rap91a}.",
}


@TechReport{Lam90,
  author =       "J. M. Lammens",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Cultural Literacy: Educating {C}assie?",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "21",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  pages =        "61",
}


@InProceedings{HalAli90,
  author =       "Susan M. Haller and Syed S. Ali",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Using Focus for Generating Felicitous Locative
                 Expressions",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Third International Conference on
                 Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial
                 Intelligence",
  organization = "Association for Computing Machinery",
  address =      "Charleston, {SC}",
  note =         "To appear",
  pages =        "6",
}


@TechReport{ShaRap90b,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and W. J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "The {SNePS} Family",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "90--21",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{ShaRap92a}.",
}


@TechReport{Sha90b,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Case Studies of {SNePS}",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "90--29",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{Sha91b}.",
}


@InProceedings{PetRap90,
  author =       "Sandra L. Peters and William J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Superordinate and Basic Level Categories in Discourse:
                 Memory and Context",
  booktitle =    "Program of the Twelfth Annual Conference of the
                 Cognitive Science Society",
  publisher =    "Lawrence Erlbaum Associates",
  address =      "Hillsdale, NJ",
  pages =        "157--165",
}


@Article{Rap91a,
  author =       "William J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1991",
  title =        "Predication, Fiction, and Artificial Intelligence",
  journal =      "Topoi",
  volume =       "10",
  pages =        "79--111",
}


@InCollection{NeaSha91,
  author =       "Jeannette G. Neal and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1991",
  title =        "Intelligent Multi-Media Interface Technology",
  booktitle =    "Intelligent User Interfaces",
  editor =       "Joseph W. Sullivan and Sherman W. Tyler",
  publisher =    "Addison Wesley",
  address =      "Reading, MA",
  pages =        "11--43",
}


@InCollection{Sha91a,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1991",
  title =        "Cables, Paths and {``}Subconsious{''} Reasoning in
                 Propositional Semantic Networks",
  booktitle =    "Principles of Semantic Networks",
  editor =       "John F. Sowa",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  address =      "San Mateo, CA",
  chapter =      "4",
  pages =        "137--156",
}


@Article{Sha91b,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1991",
  title =        "Case Studies of {SNePS}",
  journal =      "{SIGART} Bulletin",
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "3",
  month =        jun,
  pages =        "128--134",
}


@TechReport{ShaChaCho91,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro and Hans Chalupsky and Hsueh-Cheng
                 Chou",
  year =         "1991",
  month =        jul,
  title =        "Connecting {ARC/INFO} and {SNACTor}",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "91-13",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{ShaChaChoMar92}",
}


@Article{KumSha91,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1991",
  title =        "Architecture of an Intelligent Agent in {SNePS}",
  journal =      "{SIGART} Bulletin",
  volume =       "2",
  number =       "4",
  month =        aug,
  pages =        "89--92",
}


@TechReport{Lus91,
  author =       "Christopher M. Lusardi",
  year =         "1991",
  month =        sep,
  title =        "A {SNePS/Cassie} Implementation of Parts of the
                 Dictionary of Cultural Literacy",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "22",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "74 pages",
}


@InCollection{KumSha91b,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1991",
  title =        "Modeling a Rational Cognitive Agent in {SNePS}",
  booktitle =    "EPIA 91: 5th Portugese Conference on Artificial
                 Intelligence, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence
                 541",
  editor =       "P. Barahona and L. Moniz Pereira and A. Porto",
  address =      "Heidelberg",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "120--134",
}


@InCollection{ChoSha91a,
  author =       "Joongmin Choi and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Experience-Based Deductive Learning",
  booktitle =    "Third International Conference on Tools for Artificial
                 Intelligence TAI '91",
  year =         "1991",
  publisher =    "IEEE Computer Society Press",
  address =      "Los Alamitos, CA",
  pages =        "502--503",
}


@InCollection{ShaRap91a,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro and William J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1991",
  title =        "Models and Minds: Knowledge Representation for
                 Natural-Language Competence",
  booktitle =    "Philosophy and AI: Essays at the Interface",
  pages =        "215--259",
  editor =       "Robert Cummins and John Pollock",
  publisher =    "{MIT} Press",
  address =      "Cambridge, MA",
}


@InCollection{ChoSha92a,
  author =       "Joongmin Choi and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Efficient Implementation of Non-Standard Connectives
                 and Quantifiers in Deductive Reasoning Systems",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth Hawaii International
                 Conference on System Sciences",
  year =         "1992",
  publisher =    "IEEE Computer Society Press",
  address =      "Los Alamitos, CA",
  pages =        "381--390",
}


@Article{ShaRap92a,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro and William J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1992",
  title =        "The {SNePS} Family",
  journal =      "Computers \& Mathematics with Applications",
  volume =       "23",
  number =       "2--5",
  month =        jan # "--" # mar,
  pages =        "243--275",
}


@InCollection{ShaRap92b,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro and William J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1992",
  title =        "{SNePS} Considered as a Fully Intensional
                 Propositional Semantic Network",
  booktitle =    "Philosophy and the Computer",
  pages =        "75--91",
  editor =       "Leslie Burkholder",
  publisher =    "Westview Press",
  address =      "Boulder, CO",
  note =         "Slightly revised version of \cite{ShaRap86}.
                 Superseded by \cite{ShaRap87b}.",
}


@Misc{Sha92a,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1992",
  title =        "Relevance Logic in Computer Science",
  howpublished = "Section 83 of Alan Ross Anderson and Nuel D. Belnap,
                 Jr. and J. Michael Dunn {{\it et al.}} {\em Entailment,
                 Volume II,} pages 553--563. Princeton University Press,
                 Princeton, NJ",
}


@TechReport{HexLamSha92a,
  author =       "Henry Hexmoor and Johan Lammens and Stuart C.
                 Shapiro",
  year =         "1992",
  month =        sep,
  title =        "An Autonomous Agent Architecture for Integrating
                 Perception and Acting with Grounded, Embodied Symbolic
                 Reasoning",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "92-21",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "22 pages",
}


@TechReport{Zai91,
  author =       "Martin J. Zaidel",
  year =         "1991",
  month =        may,
  title =        "{XGinseng}: An {X} Windows Graphic Display Tool for
                 {SNePS} Networks",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "23",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "18 pages",
}


@TechReport{Cam91,
  author =       "Daniel Campos",
  year =         "1991",
  month =        sep,
  title =        "Temporal Relations and Spanish Narrative: {A} Small
                 Step Towards Language Understanding",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "24",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "136 pages",
}


@TechReport{Lew92,
  author =       "John S. Lewocz",
  year =         "1992",
  month =        aug,
  title =        "{XGinseng}: An {X} Windows Editing and Display Tool
                 for {SNePS} Networks",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "25",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "9 pages",
}


@InCollection{ShaChaChoMar92,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro and Hans Chalupsky and Hsueh-Cheng
                 Chou and David M. Mark",
  title =        "Intelligent User Interfaces: Connecting {ARC/INFO} and
                 {SNACTor,} a Semantic Network Based System for Planning
                 Actions",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual ESRI User
                 Conference, {V.} 3",
  year =         "1992",
  publisher =    "Environmental Systems Research Institute",
  address =      "Redlands, California",
  pages =        "151--165",
}


@TechReport{HexNut,
  author =       "Henry Hexmoor and Donald Nute",
  year =         "1992",
  month =        sep,
  title =        "Methods for Deciding What to Do Next and Learning",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "92-23",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "20 pages",
}


@InCollection{Kum93,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar",
  title =        "A Unified Model of Acting and Inference",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Hawaii International
                 Conference on System Sciences",
  pages =        "483--492",
  year =         "1993",
  volume =       "3",
  editor =       "Jay F. {Nunamaker, Jr.} and Ralph H. {Sprague, Jr.}",
  publisher =    "IEEE Computer Society Press",
  address =      "Los Alamitos, CA",
}


@InCollection{Kum93b,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar",
  title =        "An {AI} Architecture Based on Message Passing",
  booktitle =    "{Proceedings of The 1993 AAAI Spring Symposium on
                 Innovative Applications of Massively Parallel
                 Architectures}",
  editor =       "James Geller",
  publisher =    "{AAAI} Press",
  month =        mar,
  pages =        "127--131",
  year =         "1993",
}


@InCollection{Kum93c,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar",
  title =        "Rational Engines for {BDI} Architectures",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of The 1993 {AAAI} Spring Symposium on
                 Foundations of Automated Planning",
  editor =       "Amy Lansky",
  publisher =    "{AAAI} Press",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  pages =        "78--82",
}


@InCollection{HexCaiBidSha93,
  author =       "Henry Hexmoor and Guido Caicedo and Frank Bidwell and
                 Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Air Battle Simulation: An Agent with `Conscious' and
                 `Unconscious' Layers",
  booktitle =    "{UBGCCS} 93: Proceedings of The Eighth Annual
                 University at Buffalo Graduate Conference on Computer
                 Science, Technical Report No. 93-14",
  editor =       "Daniel F. Boyd",
  publisher =    "Department of Computer Science, State University of
                 New York at Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  pages =        "52--59",
}


@InCollection{EhrRap93,
  author =       "Karen Ehrlich and William J. Rapaport",
  title =        "Vocabulary Expansion through Natural-Language
                 Context",
  booktitle =    "{UBGCCS} 93: Proceedings of The Eighth Annual
                 University at Buffalo Graduate Conference on Computer
                 Science, Technical Report No. 93-14",
  editor =       "Daniel F. Boyd",
  publisher =    "Department of Computer Science, State University of
                 New York at Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  month =        mar,
  year =         "1993",
  pages =        "78--84",
}


@InCollection{HexLamSha93,
  author =       "Henry Hexmoor and Johan Lammens and Stuart C.
                 Shapiro",
  title =        "Embodiment in {GLAIR:} {A} Grounded Layered
                 Architecture with Integrated Reasoning for Autonomous
                 Agents",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of The Sixth Florida {AI} Research
                 Symposium ({FLAIRS 93})",
  editor =       "Douglas D. {Dankel II} and John Stewman",
  publisher =    "the Florida {AI} Research Society",
  month =        apr,
  year =         "1993",
  pages =        "325--329",
}


@TechReport{LamHexSha93a,
  author =       "Johan Lammens and Henry Hexmoor and Stuart C.
                 Shapiro",
  year =         "1993",
  month =        apr,
  title =        "Of Elephants and Men",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "93-13",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{LamHexSha95a}",
}


@TechReport{HexLamCaiSha93,
  author =       "Henry Hexmoor and Johan Lammens and Guido Caicedo and
                 Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1993",
  month =        apr,
  title =        "Behavior Based {AI}, Cognitive Processes, and Emergent
                 Behaviors in Autonomous Agents",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "93-15",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "15 pages",
}


@InProceedings{Hal93,
  author =       "Susan M. Haller",
  year =         "1993",
  title =        "Interactive Generation of Plan Justifications",
  booktitle =    "Preprints of the Fourth European Workshop on Natural
                 Language Generation",
  month =        apr,
  organization = "{CNR}---Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche and
                 {AI*IA}---Associazione Italiana per l'Intelligenza
                 Artificiale",
  pages =        "79--89",
}


@Article{Sha93,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Belief Spaces as Sets of Propositions",
  journal =      "Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial
                 Intelligence {(JETAI)}",
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "2\&3",
  year =         "1993",
  month =        apr # "--" # sep,
  pages =        "225--235",
}


@Article{KumSha92,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Deductive Efficiency, Belief Revision and Acting",
  journal =      "Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial
                 Intelligence {(JETAI)}",
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "2\&3",
  year =         "1993",
  month =        apr # "--" # sep,
  pages =        "167--177",
}


@InProceedings{Ali93,
  author =       "Syed S. Ali",
  year =         "1993",
  title =        "A Structured Representation for Noun Phrases and
                 Anaphora",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the
                 Cognitive Science Society",
  publisher =    "Lawrence Erlbaum",
  address =      "Hillsdale, NJ",
  month =        jun,
  pages =        "197--202",
}


@Article{Kum94,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar",
  title =        "The {SNePS} {BDI} Architecture",
  journal =      "Decision Support Systems",
  year =         "1996",
  volume =       "16",
  pages =        "3--19",
}


@Article{Sha93b,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Preface to Special Issue on Knowledge Representation
                 for Natural Language Processing",
  journal =      "Minds and Machines",
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  year =         "1993",
  month =        nov,
  pages =        "377--380",
}


@Article{AliSha93a,
  author =       "Syed S. Ali and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Natural Language Processing using a Propositional
                 Semantic Network with Structured Variables",
  journal =      "Minds and Machines",
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "4",
  year =         "1993",
  month =        nov,
  pages =        "421--451",
}


@TechReport{Hal93a,
  author =       "Susan M. Haller",
  title =        "Collaboration in an Interactive Model of Plan
                 Explanation. {In Proceedings of the AAAI Fall Symposium
                 on Human-Computer Collaboration, Raliegh, North
                 Carolina}",
  institution =  "AAAI",
  year =         "1993",
  number =       "FS93-05",
  month =        oct,
}


@InCollection{Hal93b,
  author =       "Susan M. Haller",
  title =        "Planning for Intentions with Rhetorical Relations",
  booktitle =    "Intentionality and Structure in Discourse Relations",
  publisher =    "Association for Computational Linguistics",
  year =         "1993",
  editor =       "Owen Rambow",
  pages =        "23--26",
  month =        jun,
}


@InCollection{Hal93c,
  author =       "Susan M. Haller",
  title =        "An Interactive Model for Plan Explanation",
  booktitle =    "{AI '93:} Proceedings of the 6th Australian Joint
                 Conference on Artificial Intelligence",
  publisher =    "World Scientific",
  year =         "1993",
  editor =       "Chris Rowles and Huan Liu and Norman Foo",
  pages =        "371--376",
  address =      "Singapore",
  month =        nov,
}


@Article{Cha93a,
  author =       "Hans Chalupsky",
  title =        "Using Hypothetical Reasoning as a Method for Belief
                 Ascription",
  journal =      "Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial
                 Intelligence {(JETAI)}",
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "2\&3",
  year =         "1993",
  month =        apr # "--" # sep,
  pages =        "119--133",
}


@MastersThesis{Wya89a,
  author =       "Richard W. Wyatt",
  title =        "The Representation of Opaque Contexts",
  school =       "Technical Report 89--13, Department of Computer
                 Science, State University of New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1989",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  month =        dec,
}


@InProceedings{Haller94,
  author =       "Susan M. Haller",
  year =         "1994",
  title =        "A Model for Cooperative Interactive Plan Explanation",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the The Tenth IEEE Conference on
                 Artificial Intelligence for Applications",
  pages =        "254--260",
  publisher =    "IEEE Computer Society Press",
  address =      "Los Alamitos, CA",
}

%%%
%%% End of bibliography as of 7/17/94
%%%



}

@PhdThesis{Gel88,
  author =       "James Geller",
  title =        "A Knowledge Representation Theory for Natural Language
                 Graphics",
  school =       "Technical Report 88-15, Department of Computer
                 Science, State University of New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1988",
  month =        jul,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@TechReport{Rap90b,
  author =       "William J. Rapaport",
  title =        "Computer Processes and Virtual Persons: Comments on
                 {C}ole's `{A}rtificial Intelligence and Personal
                 Identity'",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, State University of
                 New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1990",
  number =       "90-13",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  month =        may,
}


@PhdThesis{Yuh91,
  author =       "Albert Hanyong Yuhan",
  title =        "Dynamic Computation of Spatial Reference Frames in
                 Narrative Understanding",
  school =       "Technical Report 91-03, Department of Computer
                 Science, State University of New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1991",
  month =        feb,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@PhdThesis{Sri91,
  author =       "Rohini Srihari",
  title =        "Extracting Visual Information from Text: Using
                 Captions to Label Faces in Newspaper Photographs",
  school =       "Technical Report 91-17, Department of Computer
                 Science, State University of New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1991",
  month =        nov,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@PhdThesis{Cho93,
  author =       "Joongmin Choi",
  title =        "Experienced-Based Learning in Deductive Reasoning
                 Systems",
  school =       "Technical Report 93-20, Department of Computer
                 Science, State University of New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1993",
  month =        may,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@InProceedings{LamSha93,
  author =       "Johan M. Lammens and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Learning Symbolic names for Perceived Colors",
  booktitle =    "Machine Learning in Computer Vision: What, Why and
                 How?",
  year =         "1993",
  month =        "{AAAI-TR FSS-93-04}, " # oct,
}


@TechReport{HexLamSha93b,
  author =       "Henry H. Hexmoor and Johan Lammens and Stuart C.
                 Shapiro",
  title =        "An Autonomous Agent Architecture for Integrating
                 ``Unconscious'' and ``Conscious'' Reasoned Behaviors",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, State University of
                 New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1993",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "93-37",
  month =        aug,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@Article{FunJeaPau,
  author =       "Douglas J. Funke and Jeannette G. Neal and Rajendra D.
                 Paul",
  title =        "An Approach to Intelligent Automated Window
                 Management",
  journal =      "Int. J. Man-Machine Studies",
  year =         "1993",
  volume =       "38",
  pages =        "949--983",
}


@PhdThesis{Ali94,
  author =       "Syed S. Ali",
  title =        "A ``Natural Logic'' for Natural Language Processing
                 and Knowledge Representation",
  school =       "Technical Report 94-01, Department of Computer
                 Science, State University of New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1994",
  month =        jan,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@PhdThesis{Kum94b,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar",
  title =        "From Beliefs and Goals to Intentions and Actions: An
                 Amalgamated Model of Inference and Acting",
  school =       "Technical Report 94-04, Department of Computer
                 Science, State University of New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1994",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@TechReport{Hex94a,
  author =       "Henry H. Hexmoor",
  title =        "What are Routines Good For?",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, State University of
                 New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1994",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "94-07",
  month =        feb,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@TechReport{Hex94b,
  author =       "Henry H. Hexmoor",
  title =        "A Methodology for Developing Competent Agents without
                 Sensor and Actuator Profusion",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, State University of
                 New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1994",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "94-09",
  month =        mar,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@PhdThesis{Hil94a,
  author =       "Robin K. Hill",
  title =        "Issues of Semantics in a Semantic-Network
                 Representation of Belief",
  school =       "Technical Report 94-11, Department of Computer
                 Science, State University of New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1994",
  month =        apr,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@InCollection{Hal94a,
  author =       "Susan M. Haller",
  title =        "Representing Discourse for Efficient Interactive
                 Generation",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Seventh {F}lorida Artificial
                 Intelligence Research Symposium",
  publisher =    "the Florida AI Research Society",
  year =         "1994",
  month =        may,
  editor =       "Douglas D. Dankel II",
  pages =        "179--183",
  address =      "St. Petersburg, FL",
}


@InCollection{KumSha94a,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Acting in Service of Inference (and {\it vice
                 versa})",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Seventh {F}lorida Artificial
                 Intelligence Research Symposium",
  publisher =    "the Florida AI Research Society",
  year =         "1994",
  month =        may,
  editor =       "Douglas D. Dankel II",
  pages =        "207--211",
  address =      "St. Petersburg, FL",
}


@PhdThesis{Lam94a,
  author =       "Johan M. Lammens",
  title =        "A Computational Model of Color Perception and Color
                 Naming",
  school =       "Technical Report 94-26, Department of Computer
                 Science, State University of New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1994",
  month =        jun,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@TechReport{Rap94a,
  author =       "William J. Rapaport",
  title =        "Understanding Understanding: Syntactic Semantics and
                 Computational Cognition",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, State University of
                 New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1994",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  month =        jul,
  number =       "94-28",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{Rap95a}",
}


@InProceedings{ChaSha94a,
  author =       "Hans Chalupsky and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1994",
  title =        "{SL}: {A} Subjective, Intensional Logic of Belief",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Conference of the
                 Cognitive Science Society",
  publisher =    "Lawrence Erlbaum",
  address =      "Hillsdale, NJ",
  month =        aug,
  pages =        "165--170",
}


@InCollection{NeaSha94,
  author =       "Jeannette G. Neal and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1994",
  title =        "Knowledge-Based Multimedia Systems",
  booktitle =    "Multimedia Systems",
  editor =       "John F. Koegel Buford",
  publisher =    "{ACM} Press/Addison Wesley",
  address =      "Reading, MA",
  pages =        "403--438",
}


@InCollection{HexLamCaiSha93b,
  author =       "Henry Hexmoor and Johan Lammens and Guido Caicedo and
                 Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1993",
  title =        "Behaviour Based {AI}, Cognitive Processes, and
                 Emergent Behaviors in Autonomous Agents",
  booktitle =    "Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering
                 VIII",
  volume =       "2",
  editor =       "G. Rzevski and J. Pastor and R. Adey",
  publisher =    "Computational Mechanics Publications with Elsevier
                 Applied Science",
  address =      "Southampton and London",
  pages =        "447--461",
}


@Manual{ShaSIG94,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and The {SNePS} Implementation Group",
  year =         "1994",
  title =        "{SNePS 2.1} User's Manual",
  organization = "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{ShaSIG95}",
}


@PhdThesis{Hal94b,
  author =       "Susan M. Haller",
  title =        "Interactive Generation of Plan Descriptions and
                 Justifications",
  school =       "Technical Report 94-40, Department of Computer
                 Science, State University of New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1994",
  month =        nov,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@InCollection{LamHexSha95a,
  author =       "Johan M. Lammens and Henry H. Hexmoor and Stuart C.
                 Shapiro",
  year =         "1995",
  pages =        "312--344",
  title =        "Of Elephants and Men",
  booktitle =    "The Biology and Technology of Intelligent Autonomous
                 Agents",
  editor =       "Luc Steels",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  address =      "Berlin",
}


@PhdThesis{Ehr95a,
  author =       "Karen Ehrlich",
  title =        "Automatic Vocabulary Expansion through Narrative
                 Context",
  school =       "Technical Report 95-09, Department of Computer
                 Science, State University of New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1995",
  month =        feb,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@TechReport{EhrRap95a,
  author =       "Karen Ehrlich and William J. Rapaport",
  title =        "A Computational Theory of Vocabulary Expansion",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, State University of
                 New York at Buffalo",
  year =         "1995",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  month =        mar,
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  number =       "95-15",
}


@InCollection{Hal95a,
  author =       "Susan Haller",
  year =         "1995",
  title =        "Planning Text for Interactive Plan Explanations",
  booktitle =    "Intelligent Systems: Third Golden West International
                 Conference: Edited and Selected Papers",
  editor =       "E. A. Yfantis",
  publisher =    "Kluwer Academic Publishers",
  address =      "Dordrecht, The Netherlands",
  pages =        "61--67",
}


@InCollection{KumSha95a,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1995",
  title =        "The {OK} {BDI} Architecture",
  booktitle =    "Intelligent Systems: Third Golden West International
                 Conference: Edited and Selected Papers",
  editor =       "E. A. Yfantis",
  publisher =    "Kluwer Academic Publishers",
  address =      "Dordrecht, The Netherlands",
  pages =        "307--317",
  note =         "Superseded by \cite{KumSha94b}",
}


@InCollection{Ali95a,
  author =       "Syed S. Ali",
  year =         "1995",
  title =        "{ANALOG}: {A} Knowledge Representation System for
                 Natural Language Processing",
  booktitle =    "Intelligent Systems: Third Golden West International
                 Conference: Edited and Selected Papers",
  editor =       "E. A. Yfantis",
  publisher =    "Kluwer Academic Publishers",
  address =      "Dordrecht, The Netherlands",
  pages =        "327--332",
}


@InCollection{Hil95a,
  author =       "Robin K. Hill",
  year =         "1995",
  title =        "Non-Well-Founded Set Theory and the Circular Semantics
                 of Semantic Networks",
  booktitle =    "Intelligent Systems: Third Golden West International
                 Conference: Edited and Selected Papers",
  editor =       "E. A. Yfantis",
  publisher =    "Kluwer Academic Publishers",
  address =      "Dordrecht, The Netherlands",
  pages =        "375--386",
}


@InCollection{ShaRap95a,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro and William J. Rapaport",
  title =        "An Introduction to a Computational Reader of
                 Narratives",
  booktitle =    "Deixis in Narrative: A Cognitive Science Perspective",
  publisher =    "Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.",
  year =         "1995",
  editor =       "Judith F. Duchan and Gail A. Bruder and Lynne E.
                 Hewitt",
  pages =        "79--105",
  address =      "Hillsdale, NJ",
}


@InCollection{RapSha95a,
  author =       "William J. Rapaport and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Cognition and Fiction",
  booktitle =    "Deixis in Narrative: A Cognitive Science Perspective",
  publisher =    "Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.",
  year =         "1995",
  editor =       "Judith F. Duchan and Gail A. Bruder and Lynne E.
                 Hewitt",
  pages =        "107--128",
  address =      "Hillsdale, NJ",
}


@InCollection{Alm95a,
  author =       "Michael J. Almeida",
  title =        "Time in Narratives",
  booktitle =    "Deixis in Narrative: A Cognitive Science Perspective",
  publisher =    "Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.",
  year =         "1995",
  editor =       "Judith F. Duchan and Gail A. Bruder and Lynne E.
                 Hewitt",
  pages =        "159--189",
  address =      "Hillsdale, NJ",
}


@InCollection{YuhSha95a,
  author =       "Albert Hanyong Yuhan and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Computational Representation of Space",
  booktitle =    "Deixis in Narrative: A Cognitive Science Perspective",
  publisher =    "Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.",
  year =         "1995",
  editor =       "Judith F. Duchan and Gail A. Bruder and Lynne E.
                 Hewitt",
  pages =        "191--225",
  address =      "Hillsdale, NJ",
}


@InCollection{Wie95a,
  author =       "Janyce M. Wiebe",
  title =        "References in Narrative Text",
  booktitle =    "Deixis in Narrative: A Cognitive Science Perspective",
  publisher =    "Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.",
  year =         "1995",
  editor =       "Judith F. Duchan and Gail A. Bruder and Lynne E.
                 Hewitt",
  pages =        "263--286",
  address =      "Hillsdale, NJ",
}


@Article{Sha95a,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Computationalism",
  journal =      "Minds and Machines",
  volume =       "5",
  number =       "4",
  month =        nov,
  year =         "1995",
  pages =        "517--524",
}


@Article{HexKor95,
  author =       "Henry Hexmoor and David Kortenkamp",
  title =        "Issues on Building Software for Hardware Agents",
  journal =      "The Knowledge Engineering Review",
  volume =       "10",
  number =       "3",
  year =         "1995",
  pages =        "301--304",
}


@Article{KumSha94b,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "The {OK} {BDI} Architecture",
  journal =      "International Journal on Artificial Intelligence
                 Tools",
  volume =       "3",
  number =       "3",
  year =         "1994",
  pages =        "349--366",
  month =        mar,
}


@Manual{ShaSIG95,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and {The SNePS Implementation Group}",
  year =         "1995",
  title =        "{SNePS 2.3} User's Manual",
  organization = "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@InCollection{Rap95a,
  author =       "William J. Rapaport",
  title =        "Understanding Understanding: Syntactic Semantics and
                 Computational Cognition",
  booktitle =    "AI, Connectionism, and Philosophical Psychology",
  publisher =    "Ridgeview",
  year =         "1995",
  editor =       "James E. Tomberlin",
  volume =       "9",
  series =       "Philosophical Perspectives",
  pages =        "49--88",
  address =      "Atascadero, CA",
}


@TechReport{RapShaWie95a,
  author =       "William J. Rapaport and Stuart C. Shapiro and Janyce
                 M. Wiebe",
  year =         "1995",
  title =        "Quasi-Indexicals and Knowledge Reports",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "95-17",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "53 pages",
}


@InProceedings{ChaSha96a,
  author =       "Hans Chalupsky and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Reasoning about Incomplete Agents",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on
                 User Modeling {(UM-96)}",
  year =         "1996",
  pages =        "169--177",
  publisher =    "User Modeling, Inc.",
}


@TechReport{Rap90a,
  author =       "William J. Rapaport",
  year =         "1990",
  title =        "Cognitive Science",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "90-12",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  note =         "10 pages",
}


@InProceedings{Cho92,
  author =       "Sung-Hye Cho",
  title =        "Representations of Collections in a Propositional
                 Semantic Network",
  booktitle =    "Working Notes of the Spring Symposium on Propositional
                 Knowledge Representation",
  year =         "1992",
  organization = "AAAI",
  month =        mar,
}


@Article{Sha96a,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Formalizing English",
  journal =      "International Journal of Expert Systems",
  year =         "1996",
  volume =       "9",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "151--171",
}


@InCollection{HalSha96a,
  author =       "Susan M. Haller and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  year =         "1996",
  title =        "{IDP} --- An Interactive Discourse Planner",
  booktitle =    "Trends in Natural Language Generation: An Artificial
                 Intelligence Perspective , Lecture Notes in Artificial
                 Intelligence 1036",
  editor =       "Giovanni Adorni and Mickael Zock",
  address =      "Berlin",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
  pages =        "144--167",
}


@TechReport{Har96,
  author =       "Brian Harris",
  year =         "1996",
  month =        may,
  title =        "A Natural-Language {UNIX} Interpreter",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "26",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "25 pages",
}


@TechReport{DeA96,
  author =       "Jonathan De{A}ngelo",
  year =         "1996",
  month =        jun,
  title =        "Implementing Polysemy in a Knowledge Representation
                 Scheme",
  type =         "{SNeRG} Technical Note",
  number =       "27",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science, University at
                 Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "40 pages",
}


@PhdThesis{Cha96,
  author =       "Hans Chalupsky",
  title =        "{SIMBA}: Belief Ascription by Way of Simulative
                 Reasoning",
  school =       "Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
                 University at Buffalo",
  year =         "1996",
  type =         "{Ph.D.} dissertation, {T}echnical {R}eport 96-18",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@InProceedings{EhrRap97,
  author =       "Karen Ehrlich and William J. Rapaport",
  title =        "A Computational Theory of Vocabulary Expansion",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the 19th Annual Conference of the
                 Cognitive Science Society",
  pages =        "205--210",
  year =         "1997",
  address =      "Mahwah, NJ",
  publisher =    "Lawrence Erlbaum Associates",
}


@Article{RapShaWie97,
  author =       "William J. Rapaport and Stuart C. Shapiro and Janyce
                 M. Wiebe",
  title =        "Quasi-Indexicals and Knowledge Reports",
  journal =      "Cognitive Science",
  year =         "1997",
  volume =       "21",
  number =       "1",
  pages =        "63--107",
  month =        jan # "--" # mar,
  note =         "Reprinted in \cite[pp. 235--294]{OriRap98}",
}


@InCollection{HexSha97,
  author =       "Henry Hexmoor and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Integrating Skill and Knowledge in Expert Agents",
  booktitle =    "Expertise in Context",
  pages =        "383--404",
  publisher =    "AAAI Press/MIT Press",
  year =         "1997",
  editor =       "P. J. Feltovich and K. M. Ford and R. R. Hoffman",
  address =      "Cambridge, MA",
}


@InCollection{NeaThiDobHalSha98,
  author =       "J. G. Neal and C. Y. Thielman and Z. Dobes and S. M.
                 Haller and S. C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Natural Language with Integrated Deictic and Graphic
                 Gestures",
  booktitle =    "Readings in Intelligent User Interfaces",
  pages =        "38--51",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  year =         "1998",
  editor =       "M. T. Maybury and W. Wahlster",
  address =      "San Francisco",
}


@Book{OriRap98,
  editor =       "Francesco Orilia and William J. Rapaport",
  title =        "Thought, Language, and Ontology: Essays in Memory of
                 Hector-Neri Casta\~{n}eda",
  publisher =    "Kluwer Academic Publishers",
  year =         "1998",
  address =      "Dordrecht",
}


@InCollection{KumMee98a,
  author =       "Deepak Kumar and Lisa Meeden",
  title =        "A Hybrid Connectionist and {BDI} Architecture for
                 Modeling Enbedded Rational Agents",
  booktitle =    "Cognitive Robotics: Papers from the 1998 AAAI Fall
                 Symposium, Technical Report FS-98-02",
  pages =        "84--90",
  publisher =    "{AAAI} Press",
  year =         "1998",
  address =      "Menlo Park, California",
  month =        oct,
}


@InCollection{Sha98a,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Embodied {Cassie}",
  booktitle =    "Cognitive Robotics: Papers from the 1998 AAAI Fall
                 Symposium, Technical Report FS-98-02",
  pages =        "136--143",
  publisher =    "{AAAI} Press",
  year =         "1998",
  address =      "Menlo Park, California",
  month =        oct,
}


@Manual{ShaSIG98a,
  author =       "S. C. Shapiro and {The SNePS Implementation Group}",
  year =         "1998",
  title =        "{SNePS 2.4} User's Manual",
  organization = "Department of Computer Science and Engineering, State
                 University of New York at Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@Manual{ShaSIG99a,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro and {The SNePS Implementation
                 Group}",
  year =         "1999",
  title =        "{SNePS 2.5} User's Manual",
  organization = "Department of Computer Science and Engineering, State
                 University of New York at Buffalo",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@InProceedings{IsmSha00a,
  author =       "Haythem O. Ismail and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Two Problems with Reasoning and Acting in Time",
  booktitle =    "Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning:
                 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference (KR
                 2000)",
  year =         "2000",
  editor =       "Anthony G. Cohn and Fausto Giunchiglia and Bart
                 Selman",
  address =      "San Francisco",
  publisher =    "Morgan Kaufmann",
  pages =        "355--365",
}


@Book{IwaSha00a,
  editor =       "{\L}ucja M. Iwa\'{n}ska and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Natural Language Processing and Knowledge
                 Representation: Language for Knowledge and Knowledge
                 for Language",
  publisher =    "AAAI Press/The MIT Press",
  year =         "2000",
  address =      "Menlo Park, CA",
}


@InCollection{Sha00a,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "{SNePS}: {A} Logic for Natural Language Understanding
                 and Commonsense Reasoning",
  booktitle =    "Natural Language Processing and Knowledge
                 Representation: Language for Knowledge and Knowledge
                 for Language",
  publisher =    "AAAI Press/The MIT Press",
  year =         "2000",
  editor =       "{\L}ucja Iwa\'{n}ska and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  address =      "Menlo Park, CA",
}


@InProceedings{JohSha00,
  author =       "Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Implementing Integrity Constraints in an Existing
                 Belief Revision System",
  booktitle =    "Papers from the Belief Change Workshop at NMR2000",
  year =         "2000",
  note =         "in press",
}


@InProceedings{IsmSha00b,
  author =       "Haythem O. Ismail and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Conscious Error Recovery and Interrupt Handling",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the International Conference on
                 Artificial Intelligence ({IC-AI'2000})",
  pages =        "633--639",
  year =         "2000",
  editor =       "H. R. Arabnia",
  volume =       "II",
  address =      "Las Vegas, Nevada",
  month =        jun,
  publisher =    "{CSREA} Press",
}


@InProceedings{Sha04a,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapior",
  title =        "A Logic of Arbitrary and Indefinite Objects",
  booktitle =    "Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning:
                 Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference
                 ({KR2004})",
  pages =        "565--575",
  year =         "2004",
  editor =       "Didier Dubois and Christopher Welty and Mary-Anne
                 Williams",
  address =      "Menlo Park, CA",
  publisher =    "AAAI Press",
}


@Manual{ShaSIG04a,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro and {The SNePS Implementation
                 Group}",
  year =         "2004",
  title =        "{SNePS 2.6.1} User's Manual",
  organization = "Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
                 University at Buffalo, The State University of New
                 York",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
  note =         "Available as
                 {\texttt{http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/sneps/Manuals/manual261.ps}}",
}


@TechReport{shaanspapdevkantel05,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro and Josephine Anstey and David E.
                 Pape and Trupti Devdas Nayak and Michael Kandefer and
                 Orkan Telhan",
  title =        "{MGLAIR} Agents in a Virtual Reality Drama",
  institution =  "Department of Computer Science \& Engineering,
                 University at Buffalo",
  year =         "2005",
  type =         "Technical Report",
  number =       "2005-08",
  address =      "Buffalo, NY",
}


@InCollection{shaanspapdevkantel05b,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro and Josephine Anstey and David E.
                 Pape and Trupti Devdas Nayak and Michael Kandefer and
                 Orkan Telhan",
  title =        "{The Trial The Trail, Act 3}: {A} Virtual Reality
                 Drama Using Intelligent Agents",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the First Annual Artificial
                 Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment
                 Conference ({AIIDE-05})",
  editor =       "R. Michael Young and John Laird",
  pages =        "157--158",
  publisher =    "AAAI Press",
  year =         "2005",
  address =      "Menlo Park, CA",
}


@InCollection{JohSha05a,
  author =       "Frances L Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Dependency-Directed Reconsideration: Belief Base
                 Optimization for Truth Maintenance Systems",
  booktitle =    "Proceedings of the Twentieth National Conference on
                 Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-05)",
  pages =        "313--320",
  publisher =    "AAAI Press",
  year =         "2005",
  address =      "Menlo Park, CA",
}


@InCollection{JohSha05b,
  author =       "Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Improving Recovery for Belief Bases",
  booktitle =    "IJCAI-05 Workshop on Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Action,
                 and Change (NRAC'05): Working Notes,",
  editor =       "Leora Morgenstern and Maurice Pagnucco",
  pages =        "65--70",
  publisher =    "IJCAII",
  year =         "2005",
  address =      "Edinburgh, Scotland",
}


@InCollection{ShaKan05,
  author =       "Stuart C. Shapiro and Michael Kandefer",
  title =        "A {SNePS} Approach to The Wumpus World Agent or
                 {C}assie Meets the Wumpus",
  booktitle =    "IJCAI-05 Workshop on Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Action,
                 and Change (NRAC'05): Working Notes",
  pages =        "96--103",
  publisher =    "IJCAII",
  year =         "2005",
  editor =       "Leora Morgenstern and Maurice Pagnucco",
  address =      "Edinburgh, Scotland",
}


@Unpublished{Gol05a,
  author =       "Albert Goldfain",
  title =        "Counting and Early Mathematical Understanding",
  note =         "\url{http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/~ag33/CAEMU.pdf}",
  year =         "2005",
}


@InProceedings{Rap05a,
  author =       "William J. Rapaport",
  title =        "In Defense of Contextual Vocabulary Acquisition: How
                 to Do Things with Words in Context",
  booktitle =    "Modeling and Using Context: 5th International and
                 Interdisciplinary Conference (Context 2005)",
  pages =        "396--409",
  year =         "2005",
  editor =       "Anind Dey and Boicho Kokinov and David Leake and Roy
                 Turner",
  series =       "Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 3554",
  address =      "Berlin",
  publisher =    "Springer-Verlag",
}


@InProceedings{JohSha06a,
  author =       "Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Base Belief Change and Optimized Recovery",
  booktitle =    "STAIRS 2006: Proceedings of the Third Starting AI
                 Researchers' Symposium",
  pages =        "162--173",
  year =         "2006",
  editor =       "Loris Penserini and Pavlos Peppas and Anna Perini",
  volume =       "142",
  series =       "Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and
                 Applications",
  publisher =    "IOS Press",
  address =      "Amsterdam, The Netherlands",
}


@InProceedings{JohSha06b,
  author =       "Frances L. Johnson and Stuart C. Shapiro",
  title =        "Reconsideration on Non-Linear Base Orderings",
  booktitle =    "STAIRS 2006: Proceedings of the Third Starting AI
                 Researchers' Symposium",
  pages =        "261--262",
  year =         "2006",
  editor =       "Loris Penserini and Pavlos Peppas and Anna Perini",
  volume =       "142",
  series =       "Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and
                 Applications",
  publisher =    "IOS Press",
  address =      "Amsterdam, The Netherlands",
}
